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Maybach S-Class in Shanghai on sale! Special 1.3928 million, limited-time special offer

[Autohome Shanghai Promotion Channel] brings you an exciting news that the high-profile luxury sedan is having a grand promotion in Shanghai. At present, the maximum discount limit of this distinguished car has reached an astonishing 75,200 yuan, bringing consumers an unprecedented opportunity to buy a car. The starting price has been reduced to 1.3928 million yuan, which is an opportunity not to be missed. If you want to experience top luxury, or want to get more affordable friends in the car purchase process, please be sure to click the "Check Car Price" button in the quotation form to let the professional team provide you with more personalized discount details. Take advantage of the moment and enjoy the luxury experience brought by the Maybach S-Class.

上海地区迈巴赫S级特价出售！特价139.28万，限时特惠

As a symbol of luxury and dignity, the Maybach S-Class’s exterior design condenses elegance and power. The front face is outlined by exquisite chrome trims to outline the atmospheric grille, which is like a sculpture of exquisite details to reflect the brand’s dedication to craftsmanship. Streamlined body lines combined with low body height show unparalleled luxury. The overall style is noble without losing a sense of sports, and every detail exudes Maybach’s unique understanding of the art of luxury cars.

上海地区迈巴赫S级特价出售！特价139.28万，限时特惠

The Maybach S-Class stands out for its impressive body size, with a length of 5470mm, a width of 1921mm, a height of 1510mm, and a wheelbase of 3396mm, creating an elegant and spacious ride. Its front and rear wheel tracks are 1655mm and 1683mm respectively, ensuring driving stability and handling performance. The smooth lines on the side of the car reveal a low-key luxury temperament. The tire size of 255/45 R19 is selected, which combines comfort and grip, and is paired with a unique wheel design to add a sporty and refined element to the overall appearance.

上海地区迈巴赫S级特价出售！特价139.28万，限时特惠

The interior design of the Maybach S-Class shows the perfect fusion of extreme luxury and technology. The luxurious leather steering wheel uses electric up and down + front and rear adjustment functions, which makes the grip feel delicate and accurate. The center console is equipped with a 12.8-inch large-size touch screen, with a clear interface and automatic speech recognition control system, which can easily control multimedia, navigation, telephone and air conditioning functions. The seats are made of top-of-the-line leather, and the seat cushions and backrests are fully ergonomically designed to provide front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, high and low adjustment, as well as electric leg rest and waist support to ensure a comfortable experience for drivers and passengers. In addition, the front seats are equipped with heating, ventilation functions, and power seat memory functions to provide a personalized ride environment for each passenger. The second row of seats also has multi-directional adjustment, including leg rests, to create a distinguished mobility space. Whether it is exquisite details or rich configuration, the Maybach S-Class shows its outstanding quality as a luxury sedan in the interior.

上海地区迈巴赫S级特价出售！特价139.28万，限时特惠

The Maybach S-Class is powered by a 3.0T turbocharged engine capable of delivering 380 horsepower and 500 Nm of peak torque. The engine is paired with a nine-speed manual transmission, ensuring smooth and responsive driving.

Summarizing the owner’s comments, the Maybach S-Class won his admiration for its atmospheric high-end appearance, excellent comfort and interior quality. Its excellent fuel economy, strong power performance and reasonable space design all made the owner praise it. The owner’s satisfactory feedback undoubtedly strengthened the Maybach S-Class’s excellent image as a luxury car.

The many ＂flavors＂ of large kiln drinks, which one do you like the most？

　　　Drinking beverages is one of everyone’s daily hobbies. There are many beverage companies, and the flavors of beverages are also different. Today, let’s take a look at the main products of National Soda Kiln Beverages, and which flavors will you pick?

　　With the precise implementation of brand positioning, Big Kiln Beverage builds a super sign of communication as the pioneer of "Big Soda", opens the market through 520mL glass bottle packaging Big Soda, converts the selling point into the explosive point of "Big Soda, Drink Big Kiln", and continuously strengthens the brand impression of consumers. With the blessing of "large capacity, shareable, and refreshing atmosphere", it has successfully won the favor of many consumers and successfully entered the circle. In terms of taste, Big Kiln Beverage’s juice soda is mainly based on three classic flavors, supplemented by new flavors, to meet the diverse needs of consumers.

　　"Big Kiln Guest" is a childhood memory that many people love. When you open the bottle cap and "poof", a "guest flavor" that combines the unique flavor of honey, fruit and carbonated drinks will fill the air, and it will feel full of bubbles. When you drink it in your mouth, the bubbles and fruit aroma burst in your mouth at the same time, and your senses will be instantly stimulated. "Big Kiln Orange Nuo" is full of orange flavor, maintaining the natural sweetness of the fruit itself. "Big Kiln Li Ai" is a rich lychee flavor, which brings a sweet and refreshing taste to the taste buds, and every bite can feel the vibrant lychee flavor. Big Kiln recently also launched a pineapple flavor, which is sweet and sour, juicy and fresh, with refreshing bubbles, a mouthful of satisfaction! It can be said that each flavor of the Dayao beverage juice soda series has its own unique characteristics and is very popular with consumers.

　　In addition, Dayao drinks focus on young, portable, and trendy style products have also carried out taste innovation, launching lime, frozen pear, and pineapple flavored juice soda. Dayao lime perfectly blends bubbles with lime, with a fresh taste and full of lime flavor; frozen pear is a specialty food in Northeast China, and it also has a unique flavor when combined with soda. Erbin’s frozen pear on the plate is not eaten, so it is better to have a bottle of Dayao frozen pear soda; pineapple flavored soda is sweet and sour, with fresh bubbles and refreshing, as well as dopamine color scheme, a bright spring happy drink!

　　It can be seen that the strength of Big Kiln Beverages in taste innovation cannot be underestimated. Big Kiln Beverages also launched 0 sugar series, fun soda sparkling water, small kiln fruit steam, Chayuanxiang juice gas tea, pomelo love honey pomelo gas tea, energy coffee, kiln fruit, etc., to build a four-category matrix of carbonated drinks, juice drinks, plant protein drinks and functional drinks to meet the diverse needs of consumers.

　　Consumer demand continues to change, and innovation in soda flavors will continue to evolve. According to Innova Market Insights, floral and nostalgic flavors with modern flavors are likely to resonate with consumers in 2024. 33% of consumers said they had looked for more floral flavors in the food and beverage category. Chamomile, peach blossom and honeysuckle are considered to be the fastest growing floral flavors. Will Big Kiln Beverages also introduce related new flavors? You can also look forward to it!

Women complain that Xiaomi SU7 has not delivered the painted Xiaomi car： relevant policies will be issued to solve it.

Recently, after the launch of Xiaomi SU7, it was sought after by many people. However, Ms. Mo from Shenzhen, Guangdong Province was upset because she bought the original version of Xiaomi SU7. Her car has not been received yet, but she was told that the car bumped during transportation and the paint fell off the front cover.

According to @ Leng Wen Video, on April 4th, in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, Ms. Mo issued a document saying that she bought the original version of Xiaomi SU7 car, and when the car arrived, she was told that there was a bump in the transportation process, and a piece of paint was covered in front of the car, so she could only make up the paint and pay 5000 points (the purchasing power in Xiaomi Mall is equal to 500 yuan) and then deliver it normally.

After Ms. Mo said that she refused, the other party proposed a solution of compensation of up to 20,000 points, which did not support the replacement of a new car, and the deposit for returning the car could not be refunded. Ms. Mo refused again, and Ms. Mo insisted on replacing the new car.

For this matter, Xiaomi Automobile customer service said that it is impossible to replace a new car, and it will take a long time to reorder. You can negotiate with the delivery center and follow up with relevant policies to solve such problems.

The staff of Shenzhen Xiaomi Delivery Center said that there will be a person in charge of the delivery center to deal with the privacy of the owner.

In this regard, some netizens said that the collision of new cars is obviously a non-consumer responsibility, and Xiaomi Automobile only compensates for points. This after-sales service is too perfunctory!

Some netizens also said that Xiaomi’s mobile phone did a good job, but I didn’t expect such a mistake in the automotive field.

Source: @ 中中中中中, Red Star News

In the face of the ＂cliff-like＂ decline in the price of centralized mining, how to deal with the heart stent enterprises？

Sheng: the "past lives" of heart stent

Cardiac stent, also known as coronary stent, is a high-value consumable commonly used in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which has the function of dredging arterial blood vessels and is recognized as a conventional treatment for cardiovascular diseases. Since the first generation of stents went on the market in 1997, the development of cardiac stents has gone through three stages, the first generation is the balloon expansion era, the second generation is the bare metal stent era, the third era is the drug-eluting stent era, and it is now moving towards the fourth generation of completely degradable stents. With the continuous evolution of materials, the performance is more and more optimized. The main features of each generation of cardiac stents are as follows:

Fig. 1 Development of cardiac stent. png

Fig. 1 development of cardiac stent

At present, non-degradable drug eluting stent,DES) is still the mainstream choice for clinical application, and fully degradable stent is still in the early stage of product development and clinical application. At present, the mainstream cardiac stents in the market are still drug-eluting stents, and the market share has remained at around 99% since 2012, and balloons and bare metal stents have been completely replaced by them. Biodegradable stents (BRS) can be gradually absorbed in the body, which can significantly reduce the formation of stent thrombosis and restenosis, at the same time, it will not affect MRI and CT scanning, and also facilitate the re-intervention process. It is the main direction of stent research and development in the world, and has attracted extensive attention from medical device companies at home and abroad. At present, the fully degradable heart stents put into research and development are mainly divided into two categories: degradable metal materials and degradable polymer materials.

Figure 2. png, the main type of cardiac stent currently in use.

Fig. 2 Types of mainstream cardiac stents currently in use

(A) In recent years, the demand for cardiac stents has been increasing, and the scale has steadily increased.

1. The number of PCI interventions in China ranks first in the world, and the number of PCI interventions has increased by over 15% annually in recent five years.

From 2015 to 2019, the number of cases of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China increased steadily, with an average annual increase of 16.0%. Among them, the number of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China in 2019 was 1.03 million, ranking first in the world, with an increase of 12.6% compared with 2018. It is conservatively estimated that there will be nearly 1.2 million cases of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China in 2020.

Fig. 3 Trends of PCI operation volume in China from 2015 to 2020. png

Fig. 3 Trends of PCI operation volume in China from 2015 to 2020 (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute).

In 2020, the market value of heart stents in China is close to 17.5 billion yuan.

From 2015 to 2019, the number of cardiac stents implanted in China showed a steady growth trend year by year, with an annual growth rate of 15%-20%. In 2019, the number of cardiac stents implanted in China was 1.6 million. In terms of market value, the market value of heart stents in China increased from 9.75 billion yuan to 15.97 billion yuan from 2015 to 2019, with an average annual growth rate of 15.2%. It is estimated that the market value will be close to 17.5 billion yuan in 2020.

Fig. 4 Trend of cardiac stent implantation amount and scale in China from 2015 to 2020. png

Fig. 4 Trend chart of cardiac stent implantation quantity and scale in China from 2015 to 2020 (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute).

(B) The "market just needs+policy orientation+technology promotion" troika escorts the rapid development of the cardiac stent industry.

1. The market just needs:The two major trends of younger coronary heart disease and aging population have once again "expanded" the cardiac stent market.

Younger coronary heart disease:Cardiovascular disease has become the number one health killer in the world, accounting for nearly 30% of the total global deaths. According to China Cardiovascular Health and Disease Report 2019, the number of cardiovascular patients in China reached 330 million, accounting for more than 45% of the deaths of residents, ranking first among all diseases. Among them, the number of patients with coronary heart disease has reached 11 million, with more than 3 million new patients each year and more than 1 million patients with sudden infarction. In addition, the younger trend of coronary heart disease (CHD) is increasing. According to a survey of cardiovascular diseases among more than 20,000 people in Shanghai, the number of patients with CHD accounts for nearly 30%, of which 27.0% are over 70 years old, 40.0% are 51-70 years old, and 33.0% are under 50 years old. CHD is no longer a "patent" for the elderly, and it is obese, stressful and stressful.

Fig. 5 Proportion of cardiovascular disease population structure. png

Figure 5 Proportion of cardiovascular disease population structure (data source: public information)

Aging:According to statistics, in 2019, the population aged 65 and above accounted for 12.6% in China. From the development trend, the population aging speed and scale in China are unprecedented. After 2022, China will enter a deeply aging society with a proportion of over 14.0%, a super aging society with a proportion of over 20.0% around 2033, and then it will continue to rise to 35.0% in 2060. The arrival of the era of deep aging will undoubtedly raise the "ceiling" of the heart stent industry.

Fig. 6 Structural trend of population aging in China. png

Figure 6 Structural trend of population aging in China (data source: public information)

With the development of younger coronary heart disease and aging population, and considering the impact of centralized procurement on the price of cardiac stents and the improvement of people’s health awareness, the number of PCI operations per capita in China will be in line with that of developed countries in the future (the number of PCI operations per million population in China is 736, that in the United States is about 3,135, and that in Japan is about 2,047, which is 4.3 times and 2.8 times that in China, respectively). According to the extreme analogy method (referring to the number of PCI operations per million people in Japan, mainly considering that China and Japan are similar in race and incidence), it is estimated that the peak number of PCI operations will reach 2.87 million in the future. Considering the average number of stents implanted in PCI (about 1.5 stents/case), the corresponding peak number of cardiac stents implanted is about 4.3 million, which has a large long-term permeability and market space.

Fig. 7 Comparison of the number of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between China and major developed countries. png

Fig. 7 Comparison of the number of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between China and major developed countries (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute).

2. Policy orientation:Front-end encouraging innovation and end-collection specification help the market demand of cardiac stents to be released continuously.

In recent years, the state has launched a series of favorable policies for the medical device industry to support the rapid development of enterprises:

innovateEncourage the acceleration of the transformation and upgrading of medical devices, develop high-end interventional products such as fully degradable vascular stents, and stimulate the development of new cardiac stents market segments; Priority is given to the review and approval of qualified innovative medical devices. Under the promotion of innovation policy, the fully degradable polymer matrix drug (rapamycin) eluting stent system (NeoVas) independently developed by Lepu Medical and the fully degradable polylactic acid stent (Xinsorb) independently developed by Academician Ge Junbo of China Academy of Sciences have all entered the special approval procedures for innovative medical devices.

circulateFrom the national level to the provinces and cities, the centralized purchasing scheme of high-value consumables has been launched one after another, constantly rationalizing the price system of high-value medical consumables and improving the supervision and management of the whole process. In October 2020, coronary stents became the first batch of purchased varieties, and the national level started the collection of high-value medical consumables.

Table 1: Main policies related to high-value consumables such as cardiac stents from 2016 to present:

Table 1: Major policies related to high-value consumables such as cardiac stents from 2016 to present:. png

3. Technology promotion:The iterative upgrading of products and the improvement of interventional surgery level greatly enhance patients’ confidence and willingness to receive interventional therapy.

Iterative upgrade of products: cardiac stent has experienced the development from balloon expansion to drug-eluting stent, and the restenosis rate of stent implantation has decreased by nearly 20%, and the incidence of thrombosis in stent has decreased to about 1%, which effectively reduces the risk of complications for patients;

Improving the level of interventional surgery: China has successively established the training base of cardiovascular interventional diagnosis and treatment of the Ministry of Health and the national quality control center of PCI, and adopted a unified training model to carry out systematic training nationwide, and issued certificates after passing the examination, and carried out quality control and index monitoring on related work. In 2018, the mortality rate of interventional therapy for patients with coronary heart disease was 0.26%, far lower than that in the United States.

(III) Competition pattern: Domestic substitution in the cardiac stent industry has basically been completed.

After decades of development, the technical generation gap among major enterprises has gradually narrowed, and the industry pattern has been basically stable, mainly relying on the launch of new products to enhance market share. Judging from the competition pattern, the concentration of cardiac stent industry is high, and the market share of domestic drug stent products exceeds 70%, and the domestic substitution is basically completed. Among them, domestic brands such as Weichuang, Lepu and Jiwei rank among the top three, with a total market share of over 65%.

Figure 8 Market share of domestic cardiac stent brands in 2019. png

Figure 8 Market share of domestic cardiac stent brands in 2019 (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute)

In 2019, the revenues of cardiac stents (including balloons, catheters and other ancillary products) of minimally invasive medical care, Lepu medical care and Jiwei medical care were 1.83 billion yuan, 1.79 billion yuan and 1.74 billion yuan respectively, with growth rates of 33.0%, 26.7% and 24.9% respectively. As can be seen from the figure, cardiac stents of minimally invasive medical care showed a trend of "double high" in sales growth rate and market share.

Figure 9 Market share and revenue growth rate of cardiac stent head enterprises. png

Figure 9 Market share and revenue growth rate of cardiac stent head enterprises (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute)

Change: the national "group purchase" triggered a major change in the heart stent industry.

With the landing of the national heart stent collection, the "suicide" price reduction of enterprises has also brought infinite reverie to the future direction of the industry. Will the heart stent industry under centralized procurement be a "broken wrist" or a "rescue" in the future? Is it "price for quantity" or "innovation and transformation"?

(A) the change in scale

Centralized procurement of cardiac stents directly affects the purchase price. According to the recent centralized purchasing list published by the Medical Insurance Bureau, the number of intentional purchases in the first year exceeded 1.07 million, involving 27 products. Based on the published average price quoted by the winning bidder (1682 yuan/piece) and the amount of coronary stents implanted in 2021, the market value in 2021 is about 3.19 billion yuan. It should be emphasized that the market value forecast here does not consider the impact of the decline in centralized purchasing price on the improvement of patients’ willingness to operate.

Fig. 10 Market Value Forecast of Cardiac Stents in 2021. png

Fig. 10 Market value forecast of cardiac stent in 2021 (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute)

According to the previous estimation of the amount of cardiac stent implantation in China, when the amount of PCI operation per 100 people reaches the Japanese level, the peak amount of cardiac stent implantation in China is 1400 x 2047 x 1.5 = 4.3 million. According to the heart stent of 1682 yuan/piece (the average price of centralized procurement), the corresponding market value of heart stent is 7.23 billion yuan:

Fig. 11 Market value of China cardiac stent corresponding to peak value. png

Fig. 11 Market value of China cardiac stent corresponding to peak value (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute)

From the above analysis, it can be seen that under the influence of centralized procurement policy, the market value of heart stents in China in the next 1-3 years is expected to be in the range of 3-7 billion yuan.

How much money can patients save after centralized collection?

As we all know, the "floor price" of centralized purchasing has a great influence on patients who are unwilling to undergo interventional surgery because of the high price. This paper analyzes the payment situation of patients before and after centralized purchasing (according to the conventional reimbursement policy):

Fig. 12 Comparison of patients' own expenses before and after centralized purchasing. png

Fig. 12 Comparison of patients’ self-funded amount before and after centralized purchasing (data source: analysis by Health Research Institute)

As can be seen from the above figure, according to the same reimbursement policy, the out-of-pocket medical expenses of patients decreased from 6520 yuan to 308 yuan before and after centralized purchasing, and the personal burden was only 4.7% of the original, which greatly eased the economic burden.

(2) Changes in business

In addition to the industry scale being affected, the business tentacles of heart stent enterprises will also be adjusted:

1. Stent market: form a low-cost medical insurance centralized procurement market+off-standard non-medical insurance high-end alloy stents+medical insurance stainless steel stents+non-medical insurance ultra-high-end degradable stents.

In the short term, the market of cardiac stent products will form a pattern of low-cost medical insurance centralized procurement market+off-standard non-medical insurance high-end alloy stent+medical insurance stainless steel stent+non-medical insurance ultra-high-end degradable stent:

On the one hand, from the current attitude of centralized mining, bare metal stents are not included in the list of centralized mining, and the price of stainless steel stents will be under pressure due to the price reduction of centralized mining in the short term, and the price inversion with alloy stents will not last long; In the long run, stainless steel stents are not as good as alloy stents in terms of support and passability. As a more backward technology than Co-Cr alloy and Pt-Cr alloy, stainless steel stents will face marginalization in the future. However, in view of the fact that the use of stainless steel coronary stents still accounts for about 40% of the market share in 2019, stainless steel coronary stents will be coasting for a period of time in the future.

On the other hand, with the continuous promotion of cardiac stent collection, the trend of differentiation and stratification of end patients will become more obvious, and the group of self-paid high-priced stents may expand. Degradable stents and metal stents belong to two price bands, so it is impossible to talk about the market share substitution after the huge change of centralized purchasing price. Moreover, the proportion of consumables in the cost of PCI surgery has further decreased, and the audience’s marginal willingness to pay for innovative products is likely to increase. In the medium term, the development rhythm of fully degradable stents will continue to be stable, in order to get as much clinical data as possible, enhance the recognition and acceptance of products by more experts, doctors and patients, and enhance the high-end market share.

Fig. 13 Future product layout of cardiac stent. png

Figure 13 Future product layout of cardiac stent

2. Business reshaping: cultivate and expand new medical formats around the cardiovascular field, and make a forward-looking and diversified layout.

On the one hand, it conforms to the latest concept of "intervention without implantation" of the current interventional instruments, and extends upstream and downstream around the coronary intervention chain:

Product chain: the price reduction of metal stents will be the norm in the future, and the fully degradable stents and drug balloons with "intervention without implantation" will become the core of future development. Facing the policy impact of centralized stent mining, it will be an effective hedging means to extend the layout of coronary intervention chain. In addition to completely degradable stents, a new generation of drug-coated balloon (DCB) has also become the core of future development under the new concept of "interventional non-implantation". The data shows that the usage of drug-coated balloons in some hospitals or individuals in Europe has reached 50%-90% of all PCI, and Japan has reached 4,000 per month, accounting for about 15% of Japanese PCI. In addition, auxiliary consumables (balloons, catheters, guide wires, etc.) related to coronary intervention will also become the profit growth point that enterprises pay attention to.

Technical service chain: The further decline in the proportion of consumables in the cost of PCI surgery has prompted enterprises to speed up the layout of medical services and health management sectors. Conditional enterprises will cooperate with primary hospitals to provide equipment consumables, drugs and medical technical services needed for interventional diagnosis and treatment, and promote the grassroots promotion and popularization of new interventional technologies, which will become an important exploration for coronary intervention enterprises to face the centralized procurement of high-value consumables.

On the other hand, the centralized procurement of cardiac stents has prompted enterprises to expand from coronary intervention to peripheral intervention, and continuously enrich their product lines:

Make full use of enterprise stent balloon design and precision manufacturing platform technology, constantly innovate and develop, expand the company’s products from coronary intervention to peripheral intervention, continuously enrich the cardiovascular disease product line, and concentrate on improving the company’s marketing network structure to cope with market risks brought about by policy uncertainty.

Figure 14 Possible business development direction of cardiac stent enterprises under the background of centralized procurement. png

Figure 14 Possible business development direction of cardiac stent enterprises under the background of centralized procurement

(C) changes in the market

Under the general trend and background of medical insurance fee control and national centralized procurement, it has a great influence on the competition pattern of domestic medical industry. Medical device enterprises will face more fierce market competition, as well as the realistic problems of product prices and product profit margins falling sharply. For the leading enterprises in the industry, although they can seize more market share by winning the bid at a low price, the problem of shrinking scale and declining profit rate cannot be underestimated.

In the foreseeable future, the scope of domestic medical insurance control fees will only increase, so as to more effectively reduce the pressure of medical insurance expenditure, reduce the prices of drugs and devices and benefit the people’s livelihood. In addition, the situation in the field of devices may appear in the previous pharmaceutical field, and importers may take more aggressive quotations to seize the domestic market after they are familiar with the rules.

For domestic cardiac stent enterprises, facing the policy risks of centralized procurement and medical insurance control, they need to seize the domestic share, turn their attention to the international market and participate in the international market competition. In fact, domestic heart stent head enterprises have also started the international strategic layout, among which minimally invasive medical care, Lepu medical care and Lan Fan medical care are typical representatives.

Turn: Transforming into a strategic choice for heart stent enterprises to overtake in corners.

In the face of major changes in the national medical device policy, cardiac stent enterprises actively predict the development trend, plan ahead, and focus on developing products and new businesses related to centralized procurement while strengthening product technology innovation. For domestic heart stent enterprises, what transformation layouts have been made at present? What is the possible key direction of development in the future?

(1) Adjust the business strategic map and form a multi-sector support system.

1. Diversification of business lines-minimally invasive medical treatment

Through business diversification, we will continuously broaden profit points and enhance comprehensive competitiveness. In recent years, Minimally Invasive Medical Devices Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Minimally Invasive Medical") has continuously enriched its product line and expanded its business field through outreach acquisition and endogenous development. Products gradually changed from early cardiovascular stents to diversified business systems covering cardiovascular intervention, orthopedic medical devices, heart rate management (pacemaker), arterial and peripheral vascular intervention, and nerve intervention products.

In 2019, the business revenue was 5.55 billion yuan, of which 33.4% came from cardiovascular interventional products, 29.3% from orthopedic medical devices, 26.3% from heart rhythm management business, 6.1% from arterial and peripheral vascular interventional products, and 3.5% from neurological interventional products. In 2012, the revenue of minimally invasive medical cardiovascular interventional products (stents) accounted for 83.8%.

Figure 15 Comparison of the proportion of minimally invasive medical services in 2012 and 2019. png

Figure 15 Comparison of the proportion of minimally invasive medical business segments in 2012 and 2019 (data source: minimally invasive medical annual report)

2. Product line "from one to four", and build a platform business model of "equipment+medicine+medical service+new medical care"-Lepu Medical.

Lepu (Beijing) Medical Devices Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Lepu Medical"), as one of the earlier enterprises engaged in the research and development of cardiovascular interventional medical devices in China, has been accelerating the business integration, optimization and layout in recent years, and has developed from a single stent business in 2013 to four business segments covering "devices+drugs+medical services+new medical care" at present, with the goal of building a platform-based business model around the whole life cycle service for cardiovascular patients.

Fig. 16 Main contents of various business segments of Lepu Medical. png

Figure 16 Main contents of each business segment of Lepu Medical

Dual track of medical devices and medicines: In terms of revenue, the revenue of Lepu Medical in 2019 was 7.80 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22.6%. Among them, the medical device sector achieved operating income of 3.62 billion yuan, accounting for 46.4%, and the pharmaceutical sector achieved revenue of 38.5%, accounting for 49.4%. Among them, the revenue of coronary stent system only accounts for 20% of the total revenue of Lepu Medical. In addition, the market share of the company will be directly increased after winning the bid, and the negative impact of centralized procurement is relatively limited.

Figure 17. png of revenue of each section of Lepu Medical in 2019

Figure 17 Revenue Ratio of Lepu Medical in 2019 (Source: Lepu Medical Annual Report)

3. "Health protection+medical equipment" two-wheel drive-Lan Fan Medical

Lan Fan Medical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Lan Fan Medical") is a leading enterprise in the field of medical gloves in the world, accounting for 22% of the global market. In 2018, it successfully acquired the fourth-ranked cardiac stent company in the world, Singapore Baisheng International Group, and realized its layout in the field of medical devices. Subsequently, Lan Fan Medical implemented the "A+X" industrial strategy, and set up four business divisions with a total of seven tracks:

Fig. 18 Layout of Lan Fan Medical Industry. png

Figure 18 Layout of Lan Fan Medical Industry

At present, Lan Fan Medical has two business series products, namely health protective gloves and heart stents, which are continuously extended to the whole chain of emergency care, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, forming a multi-business sector collaborative model combining low-value, medium-value and high-value consumables products, with complementary modes and risk hedging. In 2019, Lan Fan Medical achieved a revenue of 3.48 billion yuan, of which the revenue of health protective gloves was 1.68 billion yuan, accounting for 48.3%, and the revenue of cardiac interventional devices (including self-produced and agents) was 1.74 billion yuan, accounting for 50.0%.

Figure 19. png of revenue of Lan Fan Medical in 2019.

Figure 19 Revenue Ratio of Lan Fan Medical in 2019 (Source: Lan Fan Medical Annual Report)

(2) Expand the cardiovascular product chain and form a diversified ecological closed loop.

1. Strategic positioning of big heart-minimally invasive medical treatment

Based on its own existing technology and platform, minimally invasive medical care constantly lays out big heart tracks: coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, structural heart disease and heart failure.

Development contextMinimally invasive medical care started from coronary stent, then cut into radiofrequency ablation, and then extended to pacemaker business. Later, with the further development of interventional technology, structural heart disease entered the era of minimally invasive surgery, and minimally invasive medical care opened up the technical path of completing heart valve replacement by interventional method (representative product VitaFlow transcatheter aortic valve system). Compared with these business units with mature products, Minimally Invasive has begun to "plan the layout" of the treatment solution for heart failure, which is also an important pawn for the future layout of Minimally Invasive and the key to completing the closed loop of the big heart business.

2. Optimize iterative coronary medical devices, enrich and innovate the implantable product line-Lepu Medical.

Lepu Medical has built a rich product group of devices in the cardiovascular field:

1) Accelerate the industrial chain matching of coronary intervention devices. In 2019, Lepu medical coronary stent products achieved operating income of 1.53 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.3%; Supporting auxiliary consumables (balloon catheter, guide wire, etc.) realized an operating income of 260 million yuan, up 51.0% year-on-year. Under the background that most of the auxiliary PCI interventional materials such as balloon catheter guide wire are monopolized by foreign capital, Lepu Medical is the only R&D and manufacturing enterprise in China that can provide all the consumables for coronary intervention. At present, more than ten necessary consumables such as pre-expanded and post-expanded balloon catheter, PTCA guide wire, guide catheter, contrast guide wire, contrast catheter, sheath, Y valve, triple tee, pressure extension tube, pressure pump, ring handle syringe, pressure sensor and hemostasis compressor have all been mass-produced.

2) Coronary balloon products and NeoVas bioabsorbable stents are expected to form new growth points. In February 2019, NeoVas, an international second-generation bioabsorbable drug stent independently developed by Lepu Medical, was approved for listing in China, and opened a new era of PCI technology "intervention without implantation". In July 2019, the first-generation coronary balloon was approved by GMP for the first time. Three products of the second-generation drug balloon series are about to start clinical trials, and the third-generation rapamycin drug balloon technology has made breakthrough progress, and animal experiments will be carried out soon.

In addition, in recent years, Lepu has actively developed peripheral products of degradable and drug balloons based on the Group’s coronary stent and balloon platform technology, and its business scope has expanded from coronary intervention to peripheral intervention.

3. Layout of coronary artery, valve, nerve intervention and peripheral intervention-Lan Fan Medical.

At the time when the medical device industry entered the golden period of development, Lan Fan Medical continuously accelerated the overall layout of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular devices based on the leading edge of Baisheng International Cardiology Department:

In the field of coronary intervention: all kinds of stent products produced by Singapore Baisheng International are sold to more than 90 countries and regions around the world, with a sales volume of 400,000. At present, BioFreedom, a drug-coated stent of BA9? without polymer carrier, has been introduced into European and Japanese markets, and it is expected to be listed in the United States and China in the near future. From the perspective of stent technology, the upgrading of technology is still the theme of stent industry and the driving force of sales growth. The increase in the proportion of high-end stents such as BioFreedom and Excrossal, as well as the development of foreign markets, have helped to enter the new product bonus period. In addition, taking the cardiac stent as the fulcrum, we will enrich, expand and improve the product line combination related to PCI surgery, such as contrast guide wire, contrast catheter, guide wire, guide catheter, pre-expanded balloon, post-expanded balloon, puncture needle, arterial sheath and pressure extension tube.

Cardiovascular related product lines: Apart from coronary artery, valve, nerve intervention and peripheral intervention are also the tracks that Lan Fan Medical keeps cutting in. By continuously expanding and expanding related product lines such as valve, nerve intervention, peripheral intervention and drug balloon, the competitiveness of product portfolio will be enhanced. The capital is undoubtedly the quickest way for Lan Fan Medical to broaden the track. In June, 2020, Lan Fan Medical acquired the fifth manufacturer of TAVR in the European market. NVT’s main business is the research and development, production and sales of interventional valves for structural heart disease. Through the acquisition of TAVR, a gold track for medical devices, NVT officially entered the field of minimally invasive interventional structural heart disease therapy with broad prospects.

(C) the implementation of internationalization strategy to enhance the international market share of products.

1. Actively deploy the global mainstream market-minimally invasive medical care.

Since 2014, minimally invasive medical care has set its sights on overseas and accelerated the export of China native coronary stents to overseas markets. In 2019, the overseas business of minimally invasive medical drug-eluting stents achieved revenue of 160 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 72.4%. Sales in 25 countries or regions and registration certificates in 13 countries or regions. Among them, Firebird2TM’s overseas revenue increased by 186.9% year-on-year, FirehawkTM’s revenue increased by 54.6% year-on-year, and it has been sold in several major European countries. In addition, the group has also submitted the application for registration of FirehawkTM stent to the Japanese medical device review and approval authority, and actively deployed the global mainstream market.

Fig. 20 Sub-regional revenue ratio of minimally invasive medical care in 2019. png

Figure 20 Sub-regional Income Ratio of Minimally Invasive Medical Care in 2019 (Source: Minimally Invasive Medical Annual Report)

2. Establish an international business department to increase the market share of international innovative products-Lepu Medical.

Lepu Medical put internationalization on the agenda after the first round of domestic drug collection in 2018, and proposed to further increase the market share of international innovative products. At present, the original foreign trade business and departments of all subsidiaries have been integrated, and the international business department has been established to strengthen the international influence on the upstream and downstream of the medical industry chain in the cardiovascular field. Explore the possibility of setting up R&D centers and production bases overseas. Overseas R&D centers have been planned to accelerate the clinical registration of innovative products (degradable stents, TAVR3.0, renal artery ablation, artificial intelligence ECG and artificial intelligence monitoring) in the world.

It is reported that Lepu Medical’s business revenue from abroad in the first half of 2020 was 870 million yuan, an increase of 320 million yuan compared with the whole year of 2019. Guo Tongjun, senior deputy general manager and secretary of the board of directors of Lepu Medical, said at the reception of listed companies that the company’s overseas market target remains unchanged, and the proportion of overseas market revenue will continue to increase to 20%-30% in the next 3-5 years.

Figure 21 Lepu Medical Internationalization Strategic Measures. png

Figure 21 Lepu Medical Internationalization Strategic Measures

summarize

National centralized procurement is not only a reshuffle of the cardiac stent industry, but also an impetus to the cardiovascular segmentation field. Heart stent enterprises still have a long way to go, but whether they are facing the "change" of the industry calmly or actively responding to the "turn" of the industry, there are undoubtedly two ways to go: First, strengthen the technological innovation and product iteration of heart stents in order to obtain new user markets; The second is to realize business diversification and risk hedging with the heart stent as the fulcrum.

Comment immediately ｜ Suzhou Zoo dug up the old version of A Dream of Red Mansions？ Why do old rumors become fine？

In the past few days, you have probably seen such a "big news" in your circle of friends: On February 27, 2018, the first shovel of the renovation project of Shihushan in Suzhou Zoo accidentally opened an ancient tomb. Among more than 300 cultural relics unearthed, the most legendary complete version of A Dream of Red Mansions was named "A Trial Evaluation of the Addition and Deletion of Wu’s Stone Story" by the academic circles, and many mysteries of the Red Mansion for hundreds of years were solved! Hu Shi, Zhou Ruchang and other Redology masters worked so hard to build the Redology Building, and suddenly collapsed!

It’s the old copy of The Red Mansion unearthed, and it’s the collapse of the redology building. Even the time and place are so obvious that netizens don’t believe it. This article has already won 100,000+.

However, in fact, the so-called "Wu’s Stone Story" is an old rumor for 10 years. In 2008, "He Lili" (pseudonym, male, junior high school education) handed over the so-called "Wu’s Stone Story" to Liu Junjun to upload it to the Internet, and the rumor began. "He Lili" said: Grandparents accidentally got a copy of A Dream of Red Mansions that year; Only He Lili has ever read this set of books and copied the contents with his cousins. then what Such a precious codex disappeared, leaving only the electronic version of "Wu’s Stone’s Addition and Deletion Trial Review" uploaded by "He Lili".

"He Lili" claimed that this manuscript was written in the year of Guiyou in the lunar calendar, that is, in 1753 AD, one year earlier than the female parent of Jiaxuben, the earliest banknote copy of A Dream of Red Mansions discovered so far in the red circle! Is it subversive enough? Even more subversive, they claimed that the author of the book was Wu Meicun in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, not Cao Xueqin! So A Dream of Red Mansions has to be called "Wu’s Stone"!

This low-level rumor can’t be logically consistent. It has been said to be an ancient manuscript, but several netizens kept revising it. By the time Guiyouben released the so-called "third anniversary edition" online edition in 2011, the content had been changed to "Fan Sixth Edition" (original text). Several authors who faked together finally even set up their own businesses and compiled several versions of Gui You Ben. Some authors wrote anonymous, while others wrote Cao Xueqin.

The writing of "Wu’s Stone Story" is vulgar, and even the modern "humane" saying of "fellow villager" and "help us for the sake of understanding" appears in the article; The plot is even more absurd and vulgar, and netizens call it "spicy eyes": Mrs. Wang, who believes in Buddhism, wants Baoyu to marry a nun, Baoyu becomes an adulterer, Sister Lin becomes an armed leader and leads slaves to defend the Grand View Garden, and Baochai seduces Baoyu …

When popular science professionals disdain to refute it, such information garbage is occupying people’s brains and occupying valuable information channels. On February 27th this year, Guangming Daily published a report on "The Collapse of Wu’s Stone".

However, Guangming Daily has just started a rumor, and now the rumor has put on a new vest: "On February 27th, the renovation project of Shihushan in Suzhou Zoo was dug up …", The rumor maker deliberately chose such a day, which can be regarded as naked provocation and fooling. The media sentenced it to death on that day, and it chose to be resurrected with blood on that day.

A netizen with junior high school education pretended to be a female netizen, and wrote such a "Stone Story" directly with the keyboard and posted it on the Internet. The plot was spicy and the text was vulgar, but just say: This is the "Dream of Red Mansions" handed down from my family! Some people believe it. In the past ten years, such low-level rumors have not disappeared, but they have captured a bunch of hardcore fans, and they have created new tricks from the development of the media and won 100,000+. This communication phenomenon itself deserves attention.

Who is continuing this rude rumor? The answer may be ourselves.

The key to self-media communication based on social attributes lies in the fission of users, and the more shocking the content, the easier it is to achieve viral communication through user sharing, and the form of communication itself has nothing to do with the authenticity of the content. The "nipple music" of network information makes us happy to spread more bizarre information "free".

The information field is increasingly filled with headline parties and low-level rumors, which is punishing our laziness and impulsiveness. We don’t read the full text, but we want to forward bizarre news and get praise from friends. We clearly know that this expression is extreme and ridiculous, but we are happy to join in this excitement. This is a typical "silent spiral". When you see a sensational content, you are eager to forward it, or even don’t look at the forwarded content at all. Is it irrelevant?

For example, a few days ago, the article "14 bureau-level leaders of China Welfare Lottery Distribution Center embezzled 136 billion yuan" was screened. However, the article was accompanied by confession videos of relevant officials released by CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, which did not mention the figure of 136 billion yuan at all, and other channels did not talk about this figure. For another example, the "one kilometer of expressway will charge one yuan in the future" which was screened two days ago is also a typical title party, and there is no such content in the text.

If we spend 1% of the forwarding impulse on reading the full text of the article to be forwarded, our circle of friends will probably be much cleaner. Rumors such as "Wu’s Stone Story" can be "refined" in 10 years, which is actually the vanity and greed of the devil when he uses us to spread from the media.

You will find that communication is becoming more and more convenient and efficient, but the cost of information fraud is getting lower and lower, even as Suzhou Zoo dug up an old version of A Dream of Red Mansions, without a live photo of PS; Netizens with junior high school education "edited" a "Stone Story" without providing a photo to prove that it is an old manuscript at home.

When we watch mobile phone videos, we have to double or even five times fast forward, and the greed for information curiosity has just become the demon of widespread rumors. Once upon a time, I was slow, and I could only write a Dream of Red Mansions in my life. Now, you can turn 10 rumors and 100,000+in one morning.

Reporting/feedback

The weather turned cold in October, but these rumors continued to heat up.

　　October has passed, and 2020 is coming to an end, but all kinds of rumors do not seem to stop: this winter will be the coldest winter in 60 years, eating soaked food will cause poisoning, infusion can prevent stroke, milk tea contains a lot of trans fatty acids, and fruits are sweet because of the addition of cyclamate … … Are these rumors true or false?

　　Myth 1: This winter will be the coldest winter in 60 years.

　　During the National Day this year, the temperature dropped significantly in many places in China, with some areas in the central and eastern regions dropping more than 12 degrees Celsius, and snowfall occurred in scenic spots such as Laojun Mountain and Baiyun Mountain in Henan Province. The circle of friends began to spread: "This winter will be the coldest winter in 60 years", "This year will be the coldest year since 2008" and "All this is related to La Nina".

　　Truth: Whether it will be cold or warm this winter needs to be comprehensively judged on the basis of scientific analysis, not by several snowfalls.

　　Zhai Yu, a meteorologist of China Meteorological Bureau, explained that La Nina refers to the phenomenon of large-scale continuous abnormal cooling of seawater in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Ocean. When the duration of the phenomenon of low temperature reaches a certain level, we call it a La Nina event.

　　"Whether it’s cold winter or warm winter, there are advantages and disadvantages. For example, warm winter is conducive to the survival of bacteria and viruses in the air, which increases our chances of getting sick. Moreover, due to the high temperature, the probability of snowfall is greatly reduced, resulting in exceptionally dry weather. At the same time, eggs in the soil are more prone to overwintering reproduction, or lead to large-scale insect disasters, which is not conducive to agricultural production. However, because the temperature is not so cold, our heating demand will be relatively reduced, which is conducive to saving energy. " Yu Yu said.

　　Zhai Yu introduced that in winter, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or hypertension, especially when the temperature drops suddenly or is particularly cold, the incidence rate will increase greatly. Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to the health problems of these elderly people during the cold winter.

　　Myth 2: Eating soaked food can cause poisoning.

　　Recently, the poisoning incident of "Sour Soup" occurred, which made rice yeast acid, a thing that people were not familiar with, frequently appear in public view. Therefore, many people began to worry about the safety of all kinds of soaked foods and refused all soaked foods for fear of being recruited.

　　Truth: Not all soaked foods contain mycotic acid, so there is no need to refuse all soaked foods. For some foods that may produce rice fermentation acid, as long as the soaking time is reasonable, poisoning can be avoided without excessive worry.

　　Xue Qingxin, a public nutritionist, said that the following foods are likely to produce rice yeast acid, and it is very important to soak and eat them reasonably in order to avoid poisoning. It is suggested that the soaking time of auricularia auricula should not exceed 4 hours and the water temperature should not exceed 30 degrees Celsius. Experiments show that the edge of auricularia auricula will crack after soaking for more than 6 hours, which not only seriously affects the quality of auricularia auricula, but also makes auricularia auricula more susceptible to microbial pollution.

　　The soaking time of river noodles and rice noodles in hot water should not exceed 20 minutes, and they should be boiled in boiling water for 1 to 2 minutes before eating. If it’s too much trouble, you can soak in cold water directly, then you have to soak for 4 hours.

　　Myth 3: Infusion can prevent stroke.

　　Many middle-aged and elderly people think that when the seasons alternate, going to the hospital for infusion can open blood vessels. As a result, many people go to the hospital for infusion as soon as winter comes, hoping to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and stroke.

　　Truth: Chen Fei, an attending physician in the Department of Neurology, xuanwu hospital, Capital Medical University, said that stroke is a common name for acute cerebrovascular disease, and some people think that it can prevent cerebrovascular disease by infusing blood vessels every year, which is wrong.

　　Acute cerebrovascular diseases, including ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and cerebral hemorrhage. Head and neck vascular atherosclerosis, vascular stenosis occlusion or atrial fibrillation can all lead to ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and cerebral hemorrhage is caused by cerebral vascular rupture.

　　Most of the drugs that these middle-aged and elderly people go to the hospital are Chinese patent medicines with the function of "promoting blood circulation", which has no effect on controlling vascular stenosis and thrombosis. In addition, the "blood-activating" effect of infusion is also very short-lived, so stopping infusion will have no effect, and we can’t infuse every day.

　　So, how can we prevent cerebrovascular disease?

　　First of all, it is necessary to control the risk factors of stroke, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia and other diseases, as well as bad living habits such as smoking, drinking, obesity and inactivity. Only by comprehensively controlling these risk factors can we prevent stroke and reduce the risk of stroke.

　　Secondly, middle-aged and elderly people should be screened for stroke regularly, and whether there is stenosis of cervical blood vessels and cerebral blood vessels can be determined by ultrasound examination, and whether there is atrial fibrillation can be determined by electrocardiogram.

　　Doctors will make prevention plans for patients according to the results of stroke screening. This plan includes establishing good living habits and making reasonable dietary adjustments. At the same time, patients should take corresponding preventive drugs according to the doctor’s advice, including antiplatelet drugs and statins.

　　Myth 4: Milk tea contains a lot of trans fatty acids.

　　"The first cup of milk tea in early autumn" became popular, and a saying began to go crazy in the circle of friends: milk tea contains a lot of trans fatty acids, which is ruining the health of young people in China.

　　Truth: Any behavior of "talking about toxicity without measurement" is unscientific. The harm of trans fatty acids to health is the result of long-term accumulation. As long as you don’t eat more, the impact on health is controllable. The key is to control the amount.

　　Shen Yingjian, deputy chief physician of the Nutrition Department of the General Hospital of Jihua Group, said that trans fatty acids are the main reason why milk tea is criticized. According to media reports, trans fatty acids can be divided into natural and artificial according to their sources. What we usually call trans fatty acids refers to artificial trans fatty acids.

　　At present, people have some misunderstandings about trans fatty acids. In fact, trans fatty acids are not illegal additives or food additives, but a derivative produced by food enterprises when they produce partially hydrogenated fats. When hydrogenated fats are used as raw materials or auxiliary materials to produce food, trans fatty acids will be contained in the products.

　　Shen Yingjian said that the harm of trans fatty acids to health depends on how much you eat. The World Health Organization (WHO) suggested in 2003 that the energy supply ratio of human trans fatty acids should be lower than 1%. The report on dietary intake level and risk assessment of trans fatty acids among residents in China released in 2013 shows that the energy supply ratio of trans fatty acids consumed by residents in China is only 0.16%. In big cities like Beijing and Guangzhou, the energy supply ratio of trans fatty acids among residents is only 0.34%, and only 0.4% of urban residents’ intake exceeds the recommended value of the World Health Organization. In other words, most people’s daily intake of trans fatty acids does not exceed the recommended standard.

　　Myth 5: Melon fragrance is due to injection of sodium cyclamate.

　　The loveliness of autumn, in addition to the crisp autumn air, also has the fragrance of fruits and vegetables. However, many people have found that the fruit now seems to be sweeter than the fruit 10 years ago. There are even rumors recently that this is because fruit farmers inject cyclamate into the fruit to increase the sweetness in order to make the fruit sell at a good price. Is it true?/You don’t say.

　　Truth: Sodium cyclamate is a non-nutritive sweetener and an international food additive. It is cheap, which is 1/3 of the price of sucrose, but its sweetness is 30 to 40 times that of sucrose, so it is widely used in the processing fields of drinks, desserts, juices and other foods.

　　First of all, it should be clear that the use of sodium cyclamate will not affect our health as long as it is within the prescribed scope; Secondly, it is unlikely that "fruit farmers add cyclamate to their fruits to optimize their taste". Why?

　　You know, beating sodium cyclamate on the surface of fruit will not have any effect on the sweetness of fruit at all. This is because sodium cyclamate is soluble in water but insoluble in oil. Even if sodium cyclamate is sprayed on the surface of fruit, sodium cyclamate will not enter the interior of fruit, so there is no possibility of increasing sweetness.

　　If vendors want to sweeten the fruit by injection, they need to inject the fruit in all directions, not to mention the time-consuming and laborious operation itself, which will destroy the cell wall of the fruit and accelerate the decay of the fruit. In other words, for fruit farmers and fruit vendors, it is harmful to inject cyclamate into fruits at any link.

　　Since there is no injection of sodium cyclamate, why is the fruit getting sweeter and sweeter?

　　There are sucrose, glucose and fructose in fruits, among which fructose has the highest sweetness, followed by sucrose and glucose. In different fruits, the contents of these three components are different. For example, apples are mainly fructose, peaches and sugarcane are mainly sucrose, and the variety and quantity of sugar in fruits determine the difference in taste of different fruits.

　　In addition, the sweetness of fruit has a great relationship with the quality of plant leaves. Because the leaves of plants are "organs" that perform photosynthesis, its important task is to produce glucose, carbohydrates, various organic acids and other substances in photosynthesis. The more efficient leaves a plant has in the growth stage, the more nutrients it produces, the higher the efficiency of storing nutrients in the tree, and the corresponding improvement of fruit quality.

　　With the continuous breakthrough and innovative development of planting science, the favorable conditions for plant growth have been improved and guaranteed in a more comprehensive way, and the quality and taste of fruit have naturally been improved.

Innovating ＂Tea Forest and Fruit＂ Compound Management in Liping County to Release the Benefits of Family Farms

In recent years, Liping County has focused on the cultivation of new agricultural business entities, taking Tianyi Family Farm in Gaotun Street as a model, innovating the "tea and fruit forest" compound business model, supporting infrastructure, implementing variety interplanting and adjusting business methods, effectively solving the problems of extensive farm management, single model and low efficiency, and boosting industrial upgrading and efficiency.

First, supporting infrastructure to solve the problem of extensive management. According to the needs of seasonal harvesting, new sidewalks, water supply pools, aqueducts, sheds, workshops, leisure farms and other facilities will be built in the park to improve the level of farm management and protection, effectively manage and protect the tea trees planted in the park, reduce operating losses, and lay a solid foundation for the compound planting of "tea and fruit forests". At present, 6 kilometers of production access road, 600 cubic meters of irrigation pool and 4 kilometers of irrigation aqueduct have been built in the tea garden, which basically meets the needs of compound planting.

Second, interplanting forest and fruit trees to solve the problem of single business model. Explore the implementation of the "tea forest fruit" compound management model, make use of the biological characteristics of tea trees and the principle of symbiosis with other economic tree species, interplant the forest fruit varieties such as Taxus chinensis, camellia oleifera, blueberry and Myrica rubra between tea terraces and the edge of tea garden, improve the land utilization rate, enrich the tea garden ecosystem, improve the tea quality, achieve harvest all year round, and promote the "double growth" of agricultural output and labor demand. At present, the annual output of dry tea on the farm is more than 50 tons, and there are more than 10 kinds of forest and fruit trees, which has driven more than 500 farmers around to achieve employment at home, and the average household income has increased by more than 3,000 yuan.

The third is to strengthen the cultivation of the main body and solve the problem of low management level. Encourage and guide multi-enterprise cooperation and promote resource sharing and technology sharing. At the same time, by providing technical guidance, tea green purchase, processing and sales and other services in the whole industry chain, the farm drives the masses to grow tea, achieving a win-win situation for enterprises and farmers. Up to now, there are more than 10 cooperative tea enterprises between surrounding tea enterprises and Tianyi Family Farm, involving more than 3,000 mu of tea garden area; Drive 38 tea farmers to plant 278 mu of tea, and the annual income of the masses reaches more than 830,000 yuan.

The fourth is the integration and development of tea tourism to solve the problem of low operating efficiency. Relying on the resource advantages of "tea and fruit forest" garden, we will build a recreational tourism and leisure sightseeing experience park, and develop formats such as garden viewing, tea and fruit picking, and processing experience of special agricultural products, so as to promote the integrated development of tea tourism, release consumption potential and stimulate the vitality of family farms. Since 2023, Tianyi Farm has received more than 4,000 tourists and earned more than 50,000 yuan. (Liping County People’s Government Network)

Reporting/feedback

How can anyone in this world not love Ryuichi Sakamoto？

The professor said that China fans can donate money to build a music classroom, which is a very happy gift for him. /douban

"My music is an island, and the world is an infinite ocean."

"If this is the only purpose, just to comfort and touch the victims, music and art will stop here."

In September 2019, the Japanese magazine ほぅてらす (Legal Platform) published an exclusive interview about Ryuichi Sakamoto. Among them, "What can music and art do for disasters?" His answer to this question caused a lot of discussion at that time.

Shortly after the disaster, there was no food, water and electricity, people were displaced, but musicians brought music in a big way, which was completely out of place in Ryuichi Sakamoto’s eyes.

Even since 2014, Ryuichi Sakamoto has been touring the country with the Northeast Youth Orchestra (TYO) composed of children from the counties affected by the 311 earthquake in Tokyo. "The power of music" is still his most annoying statement."It is a very foolish and shameful thing to make music with the illusory idea of transmitting strength and healing others."

TYO was evaluated by Japanese media as "passing on the courage and touch of crossing the disaster to the children and adults in the disaster-stricken areas through powerful and beautiful music". /@ Ryuichi Sakamoto Information CN

In this way, Ryuichi Sakamoto, who was labeled as "anti-disaster music" by the public, brought two performances to the people of China who were deeply affected by the epidemic in February, 2020.

On February 29th, one of the most memorable events in this once-in-four-year period must be the special performance brought by Ryuichi Sakamoto at UCCA’s "Good Music in Aauto Quicker" concert.

Stones, broken tiles, porcelain bowls, alms bowls, bows, cymbals from Wuhan, China, and Malimba mallets made of recycled medical rubber, and then connected with impromptu piano and electric guitar performance, became a complicated and mysterious music universe full of collisions.

"Made in China"

On February 22nd, a week ago, he also played Aqua for the parents and children of China in the epidemic, and encouraged the older children and children who can’t go out with a gentle piano to do fun at home.

Aqua in Latin means the form of water, which can be running water, raindrops, the ocean and the source of life. This piece of music specially selected by Ryuichi Sakamoto comes from his most famous piano solo album BTTB.Back To The Basic, return to the original.

"Speaking of what music and art can do for disasters, compared with sending food and donations, I think the highest level that can be done should bedeepThink about the meaning of disaster and use your own work tableCome out. "

Let’s work hard together to tide over the difficulties.

This is Ryuichi Sakamoto’s "mountains and rivers are exotic, and the moon is in the same sky".

Mr Lawrence and the Last Emperor

For a long time, Ryuichi Sakamoto didn’t like Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence.

"It’s too high-profile."Wherever he goes, he will be asked to play this piece. Ryuichi Sakamoto, who wants to remain an invisible man, hates his high popularity.

Yellow Magic Orchestra, a band formed by Ryuichi Sakamoto when he was young, became popular all over the world at an alarming rate in the late 1970s. "After the release of Y.M.O’ s second album" SOLID STATE SURVIVOR ",it suddenly became a fire. Overnight, I can’t walk in the street because everyone will point to me and call me Sakamoto Sakamoto. "

Ryuichi Sakamoto was called a "professor" because Gao Qiao of Y.M.O said to him, "You are a graduate student of Tokyo University of the Arts. I will call you a professor in the future."

Because he hated being recognized in the street, he couldn’t accept this change. Ryuichi Sakamoto simply stayed at home for 10 months, just didn’t want to be disturbed.

So Y.M.O became a flash in the pan, and it took only five years from the fire to the dissolution, just because Ryuichi Sakamoto couldn’t stand the band’s popularity.

Merry Christmas, Mr Lawrence, which is widely circulated, is just a good piece of music in Ryuichi Sakamoto’s eyes, but it is not so good as a movie soundtrack.

The soundtrack of this unlovable film comes from Nagisa ?shima’s anti-war film Merry Christmas on the Battlefield. In this film, Ryuichi Sakamoto made music for the film for the first time and became an actor for the first time.

"It seems that the death of Cyrus planted a seed in the heart of the wild well, and we shared the growth of the seed together."

Ryuichi Sakamoto’s oral autobiography "Music Makes People Free" mentioned his excitement when he received a call from Nagisa ?shima. As a veteran movie fan who has seen almost all the other’s works, when Nagisa ?shima offered to participate in the show,What Ryuichi Sakamoto blurted out was not "good", but "please let me do the music".

Nagisa ?shima, who was "very enterprising", readily agreed and gave him an unprecedented exception, allowing him to spend three months creating the music to his heart’s content.

After filming, Ryuichi Sakamoto, who still didn’t know anything about the soundtrack, listened to a friend’s suggestion and bought a video of "Milestone in Film History" and "Citizen Kane" to watch, and finally gained some experience. "The answer is very simple. It is probably where the image tension is insufficient. It is not mysterious to join the soundtrack."

Work photos of "Merry Christmas on the Battlefield"

Especially after discussing with Nagisa ?shima, I found that the two sides had quite the same opinion on where to add the soundtrack, which made Ryuichi Sakamoto’s self-confidence "swell to the extreme" and felt that the soundtrack of the movie was just so much.

Interestingly, Nagisa ?shima had actually invited david bowie, another star of the film, to create a soundtrack for the film before, but Bao Ye refused: "I just want to concentrate on my performance this time."

This wonderful butterfly effect opened the way for Ryuichi Sakamoto’s film soundtrack. Just like the stunning kiss between David’s captured Jack and Sakamoto’s Japanese officer, the film also planted seeds in his heart.

No matter in or out of the play, the friendship between the professor and Bao Ye at that time still excited countless people.

At the Cannes Film Festival in 1983, Merry Christmas on the Battlefield was selected as a competition film. At the banquet, Nagisa ?shima introduced Ryuichi Sakamoto to bernardo bertolucci. After a few pleasantries, Bertolucci dragged the young man to talk for a long time about his new film "The Last Emperor".

So three years later, Ryuichi Sakamoto came to Beijing to film The Last Emperor. This masterpiece, which swept the major film awards, even brought Ryuichi Sakamoto the first Oscar statuette in his life.

A piano that is out of tune has created 48 soundtracks in just two weeks. In those days, Ryuichi Sakamoto really had the capital of being young and frivolous.

Even after winning the Oscar, Bertolucci’s crazy deletion of the film soundtrack still made Ryuichi Sakamoto angry.

When Ryuichi Sakamoto joined The Last Emperor, the crew had been shooting for three months, and everyone was very involved. When we first met, John Lone, who played Puyi, said seriously to Ryuichi Sakamoto, who was fooling around."You are the black hand behind the scenes sent by Japan, and you are my enemy. I won’t talk to you until the film is finished."

Ryuichi Sakamoto only felt that this person was puzzling and didn’t take it to heart. It was not until he couldn’t get the director’s approval in a major event that he began to think a lot and take it seriously.

Unlike Nagisa ?shima, who dotes on him, Bertolucci’s film world has only one purpose-everything serves the film. Roaring directors, tight time constraints and lack of strict requirements for creative freedom have broadened the music world of Ryuichi Sakamoto.

"I don’t need it anymore!" /"The Last Emperor" screenshot

In the scene where the imperial concubine Wenxiu left Puyi, Wenxiu refused the umbrella handed by the housekeeper and ran away in the rain."I don’t need it anymore", the music started.When the Italian staff first heard Rain, everyone hugged each other and couldn’t help shouting "bellissimo (beautiful), bellissimo!"

"If the soundtrack can connect the movie into the memory in the audience’s consciousness, it is an ideal state." Music that can retain memory is Ryuichi Sakamoto’s understanding of film soundtrack.

"Good evening, I’m Ryuichi Sakamoto. Everyone is very cold. If you feel cold, it doesn’t matter if you stand up and run at will. Please listen to this performance easily."

Ryuichi Sakamoto found the calendar when he visited a building in Fukushima, and the time was fixed on March 11th.

After the 311 earthquake in Japan, Ryuichi Sakamoto went to the hardest hit area to bring a performance to the local victims. In this performance, he played Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence again.

Many people at the scene said,After such a long time, they can finally have a real sleep.After suffering, it is enough to bring a good sleep. Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence.

Don’t forget to look at the moon every day

"How many times can you see the full moon in your life? There may be twenty times, but at the moment everything seems to have no end. "

Among the new album Async released in 2017, full moon is Ryuichi Sakamoto’s favorite song. In this piece, Ryuichi Sakamoto repeated a line from the film "The Covered Sky" which he once participated in, superimposed and repeated in 11 languages.

How many times can we look up at the moon in our life? /Screenshot of "Covered Sky"

Because we don’t know when we will die, we often regard life as an inexhaustible well.

When Async was released, Ryuichi Sakamoto was interviewed by NHK TV and asked how he wanted to burn it out. He thought for a moment and replied, "there is a strong idea, that is."Don’t lie to yourself, want to make real music, live truly, and don’t forget to look at the moon every day. "

Since suffering from throat cancer in 2014, Ryuichi Sakamoto, a workaholic who has never stopped working in her twenties, got a rest for the first time.

"Be sure to pay attention to oral hygiene, although my back teeth may have rotted away." /Screenshot of "Sakamoto Ryuichi: Finale"

"Although I eat organic food, I usually pay attention to it, but I will still get sick when I am sick." Ryuichi Sakamoto, who never thought that cancer would happen to her, was shocked and depressed and chose to accept it. "Absolutely can put an end to cancer lifestyle or something, there is definitelyno..When you have cancer, you can only get used to it. This is life. "

Repeatedly low-grade fever, dysphagia, because the secretion of sick saliva is only half of that before, I often wake up several times in the middle of the night to drink water. In addition to talking to people, he often chews gum when he is alone, in order to promote saliva secretion.

During the long and arduous process of receiving treatment, Ryuichi Sakamoto was in a state of being unable to listen to any music, until after the treatment, he heard the singing of Cuban national treasure female singer Omara Portuondo for the first time.

That "Rabo de nube" made him cry, as if suddenly his heart was broken by a powerful hand. "At that time, I felt that the power of music was sometimes really great."

The last time I felt the greatness of music, I probably went back to 2001. When the September 11th incident happened that year, Ryuichi Sakamoto lived in a place where he could see the Twin Towers when he opened the window. It was the first time that he faced the disaster so closely.

Seven days later, people gathered in the square to pray for the victims, and young people sang "Yesterday". Ryuichi Sakamoto realized that,It turns out that he hasn’t heard music for seven days.

"When disaster comes, there is nothing we can do. But after the disaster, we should respond instead of silence. "

Why can a bird fly casually? /Screenshot of "Sakamoto Ryuichi: Finale"

Why is our world so violent? This made Ryuichi Sakamoto want to explore the origin of life.

So, in February 2002, Ryuichi Sakamoto went to Kenya in Africa. By the river where people lived, he was born."Only love can overcome hate."The idea. In 2008, he went to the North Pole again and realized."I will die at any time."Small.

After the 2011 earthquake, after visiting Fukushima, Ryuichi Sakamoto was determined to carry out the "anti-nuclear" to the end. In 2012, he co-sponsored the NO NUKES (Abolishing Nuclear Power) Music Festival with many Japanese celebrities. Until last year, it has been held for 8 consecutive sessions.

In 2020, the NO NUKES Music Festival will be stopped once. "It’s always the same artists and guests. I have felt this dilemma in recent times. If this continues, I am afraid that the scope of influence will not become bigger." Recently, Ryuichi Sakamoto told Music Hiking magazine that,stopDo it to prepare for new changes.

The professor gave a speech at the anti-nuclear rally.

Next year will be the 10th anniversary of the March 11th earthquake in Japan, and the music festival will start again in 2021. This time, they communicated with more people, led by young people, hoping to turn it into a framework that can solve many problems.

As he said in Sakamoto Ryuichi: The Finale, the sound of the piano is not continuous, but will gradually weaken and disappear. And what he wants to find is the constant, timeless music in his heart.

"Music, work and life have a starting point and an end point.What I want to create now is music that gets rid of the time limit."What Ryuichi Sakamoto wants to do is music that people will listen to 100 years later, which is music that needs peace.

Please don’t forget to look at the moon every day. /Screenshot of "700 Days of Sakamoto Ryuichi"

My music is an island.

And the world is an infinite ocean.

In the scene of "The Finale", Ryuichi Sakamoto squatted on the ice sheet in the Arctic Circle and carefully hung the recording equipment with a rope to sink, so as to record the sound of running water under the glacier crack. "I’m fishing for the sound," he said with a smile.

He is listening to the heartbeat of the world.

Because there are no humans, the professor thinks that the sound of running water in the Arctic Circle is the purest sound in the world. /Screenshot of "Sakamoto Ryuichi: Finale"

In other scenes of the documentary, Ryuichi Sakamoto often collects sounds: in order to listen to the sound of rain falling, he puts a bucket on his head and walks into the rain; Going to the forest, he knocked with a small stick and listened to the vibration of the wind passing through the forest; Back home, he began to work by playing the recorded natural sounds.

"Every time it rains, I open the window and put the recorder out." Ryuichi Sakamoto will knock on what he sees anywhere and know their sounds. In Barcelona, a patrol car whistled past, and he quickly took out his mobile phone recording, happy that he didn’t miss the sound.

Everything is music.This statement from American composer John Cage is very popular with Ryuichi Sakamoto. Nature’s voice mingles with artificial musical instruments, which is the natural music he pursues.

Everything is music. /Screenshot of "Sakamoto Ryuichi: Finale"

When Ryuichi Sakamoto was traveling in Bali in 1980s, he saw the local people tying a pigeon whistle on its feet. When it was released, the pigeon whistle made a distant and near sound, which was mixed with the long wind and the sound of the forest, which made him unforgettable.

Therefore, when he was the director of Sapporo Art Festival in 2014, the opening ceremony designed by Ryuichi Sakamoto did not play music, but let a group of pigeons with pigeon whistle fly.

The beginning of "disintegration" in "Async" is a slightly strange piano sound out of tune. And this piano sound comes from a piano that "miraculously survived" from the tsunami.

"The sea slams the piano, which is inaccurate for human beings. But in essence, they just restored the original state in nature. " Ryuichi Sakamoto believes that,The piano is only tuned naturally, and he thinks it is particularly beautiful.

"You should be good." /Screenshot of "Sakamoto Ryuichi: Finale"

Ryuichi Sakamoto, who has been fond of Natsume Soseki since middle school, has a complete set of his works at home. Natsume Soseki’s seemingly casual natural scenery always gives him inspiration and aftertaste.

"I went to pick up the pieces of stardust that fell to the ground and gently put them on the soil. The star is round, perhaps in the long process of falling, and the edges and corners are gradually worn away.But when I picked up the film, I felt a little warmth on my chest and hands. "

Ryuichi Sakamoto, who collects nature, is like the boy in Natsume Soseki’s Dream of Ten Nights. His voice is the warm fragments of stardust left by nature.

He feels the world in nature and then gives back to it. And the meaning of the documentary Coda,It is the end, living to death, and the next beginning.

The finale is also the beginning. /Screenshot of "Sakamoto Ryuichi: Finale"

In Thirteen Invitations, Ryuichi Sakamoto fiddled with a guitar and said that he would play it like this when he was happy.

"I adjusted the tone is wrong, completely wrong.But I just like the wrong tone. "

Just like he liked the piano that survived the tsunami, like in 2018, he played an tuneless instrument in an underground bar in Beijing.

What he likes is the process of returning to nature after suffering.

Author | Wang Zhongzhong

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What fashion style was popular in the Tang Dynasty？

Beijing Evening News Wuse Tu | Author He Shu

The annual International Women’s Day has just passed, and "women hold up half the sky". The creation, development and myriad weather of this world are absolutely inseparable from the hard work of hundreds of millions of women throughout the ages. Similarly, the "fashion" that affects human life cannot be separated from the promotion and struggle of women.

When it comes to fashion, the first reaction of public cognition will think that this is a cultural phenomenon after the industrial revolution gave birth to the consumer society. However, in a broad sense, the fashion trend in the pre-modern society is also colorful. For example, the Tang Dynasty, which has an important position in the history of China and the history of world civilization, has an unprecedented pursuit of fashion. The book "tang style Brushing the Threshold" recently published by Social Science Literature Publishing House and written by Chinese scholar Chen Buyun focuses on the 300 years of fashion in the Tang Dynasty.

Chen Buyun Social Science Literature Publishing House, tang style.

The ban on luxury can’t ban the love of beauty.

"Fashion is the center of people’s life in the Tang Dynasty, because this dynasty placed fabrics at the center of the economic and moral value structure. Elite men and women subvert the dress code to obtain gorgeous silk and fashionable designs. The changes in economic and social structure have triggered a new sense of time, a The Imitation Game, and a change in production methods, which are the pioneers of the formation of modern fashion systems. " A passage on the cover of tang style’s Whistling Threshold succinctly summarizes the main idea of this book, that is, to find the origin of fashion outside the mainstream western discourse system and to dig out the inextricably linked relationship with today. As Valerie Steele, director of the Museum of new york Fashion Institute, commented: "Is fashion a Western phenomenon related to the rise of European capitalism? This has been the argument for many years. In Chen Buyun’s works, it shows the existence of a prosperous fashion culture in the Tang Dynasty in China. "

The title of the translated version of the book abandoned the original Imperial Style, and the title of "tang style blows the sill" was taken from the great poet Li Bai’s "Qingpingdiao I", with three poems, which praised Yang Guifei’s beauty at the order of Tang Minghuang. "Clouds want clothes and flowers, and the spring breeze blows the sill, and it is full of exuberance. If it weren’t for the head of Yushan Mountain, it would meet Yaotai under the moon. " Although there are many high songs of "Who are we from Artemisia?", there are also many works of "destroying the eyebrows and bending the waist" in the early years. Although it is a propositional composition, this poem is also magnificent in imagination, and it has done a great job of Yang Guifei’s national beauty.

Female figurines riding horses with veils.

The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty describes Yang Guifei’s "gorgeous posture". Wu Hong, an art historian, also insisted: "It is said that the fashion of shaping fat women is largely due to Yang Guifei’s well-known fullness. Although this statement is doubtful, because such a character image appeared in the early 8th century, even before that, Yang Guifei did embody the essence of this image and marked its climax. Because she not only dominated the upper class in Chang’ an, but also dominated the fantasy of contemporary men. " The richness wrapped under the precious and gorgeous silk became the weather vane of that era. At first glance, this is a lively romantic story, but there is a complicated change process behind it.

Cloth represented by silk is not only the main carrier of the tax system, but also the substitute of money in some specific years because of the encouragement of the government, which can be circulated in the market. The clothes processed by them show the power level and social status.

Mr. Shen Congwen once concluded in the study of ancient Chinese costumes: "feudal rulers have always regarded clothing as a symbol of class, that is, the rulers are also hierarchical and should not be confused." Therefore, every time the dynasty changes, it will be rescheduled as usual. "

As soon as the Tang Dynasty was founded, the society was divided into three social classes, namely, the privileged class dominated by royal relatives and officials, the free civilians and hereditary servant families, the private servants and the untouchables composed of slaves, and the clothing of different classes had tireless detailed regulations-the emperor had 14 sets of clothes for different occasions, 6 sets of princes and 3 sets of empresses, and the royal family and officials and their families were divided into nine categories. At the same time, "women are allowed to wear low-grade clothes, but they are strictly forbidden to wear clothes higher than their own grades." This restriction helps to consolidate the connection between privilege and status and ensure the status of high-grade people. Like color and chroma, silk fabrics are also strictly regulated. Those more complicated and luxurious patterns and weaves can only be used by the highest-ranking women in the imperial court. " Since then, throughout the Tang Dynasty, emperors of all dynasties have made further detailed provisions on this.

Tri-colored women pottery figurines in clothes

The rules formulated by the royal family are also violated by members of the royal family first, and the starting point is the pursuit of fashion. This is the case with Princess Anle’s hundred birds skirt. According to the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, this gorgeous dress is "one color in the face, one color in the side, one color in Japan and China, and one color in the shadow, and all kinds of birds can be seen", which has led to a strong follow-up. "The self-made wool skirt is more effective for the rich, and the feathers of exotic birds and animals in the rivers and mountains are exhausted." Note that a major feature of fashion is imitation. Through imitation, we can gain a sense of psychological identity beyond identity and social status. In the later generations, although there are more complete means of prohibition and punishment, if the dress does not conform to the grade, it will be punished by forty slaps.

In 714, after Xuanzong succeeded to the throne, there were three orders to ban luxury, namely, Forbidden Jade and Splendid Jade, Forbidden Jade and Splendid Jade, and forbidden luxury in 726. Each ban was severely worded, not only the gold and silver ornaments on the clothes were melted and cast to supplement the military expenditure, but also the jade and pearls were required to be burned, which was explicitly stated. In hindsight, this is more like a performance art for the world. Li Shu, a royal woman who died in 736, also revealed the invalidity of the luxury ban to later generations.

Following Chen Buyun’s brush strokes, we can see that "the funerary objects in Li Shu’s tomb contain various forms of gold ornaments, such as woven gold silk clothes, gold-framed flower buds, gold-plated bronze hair clips, and some gold threads. Pearls, turquoise, mother-of-pearl, precious stones and amethyst are also fixed and embedded in the golden crowns. The belt part is made of pearls, and the gold frame is decorated with flowers. " Li Shu is neither a princess nor a husband, but he is just a small official with seven products. These are obviously over-the-top funerary objects. Reminiscent of the extravagance of Yang Guifei’s family "with a mass of golden peacocks and silver unicorns … are blue leaves of delicate kingfisher feathers", the so-called luxury ban is more formal.

From Daizong to Dezong to Wenzong, there were various bans. During the years of Wenzong, except for the production of luxury silk, it was even stipulated that "new samples" were not allowed. In order to implement the regulations, he also ordered Wang Ya, the minister, to revise the clothing system and re-implement the regulations on determining the color and type of clothing by grade. "this Jiujiang official. My blue sleeve was wet" said that Sima Bai Juyi with eight products was wearing blue clothes. However, Princess Yan ‘an, the sister of Wenzong, wore a large and luxurious silk dress when she enjoyed the lantern at midnight snack in 839, which annoyed Emperor Wenzong and made this rule fail again.

The game of ideas

In addition to decrees, there are also prevailing social concepts that hinder fashion.

The opening up of the Tang Dynasty surpassed previous dynasties, and the management of the western regions not only exported silk, porcelain and culture, but also imported all kinds of articles and habits. The most obvious thing is the prevalence of Hu clothes, and the Tang people’s fascination with Hu clothes is related to horse riding outings, polo competitions and the popularity of music, dance and articles in the western regions, which are all indulged by the court. Hu Fu was popular for centuries, and it reached its peak in Xuanzong’s reign. "All the riders from the imperial palace are wearing Hu Mao, and they show up with beautiful makeup, and there is no complex barrier. The scholar’s house has followed suit. "

Painted Hu fu female figurines

The popularity of Hu fu has not only shaken the prohibition of luxury, but also blurred the gender differences and disrupted the social class, so that the editors of Old Tang Shu bitterly denounced, "Too often, people are happy to admire Hu qu, nobles are eager to eat Hu, and scholars and women are all dressed in Hu fu, so there is Fan Yang’s rebellion against Hu, which bodes well for the future." In their view, this disordered fashion was the chief culprit that caused the Anshi Rebellion to almost destroy the dynasty’s rule, and put the pursuit of fashion by human nature under the moral stick, adding a painful whip. Absolute beauty’s prosperous Tang Dynasty finally declined, and later generations can only get a glimpse from poetry and archaeology. Fortunately, time will wash away everything. Today, when we appreciate and admire the splendor and exquisiteness of ancient fashion through historical remains, how many people can think of those ridiculous bans?

Although the fashion in the Tang Dynasty changed a lot, the working people at the bottom did not enjoy it at all. Heavy taxes and heavy labor overdrawn their energy and enthusiasm, and strict decrees made them have to wear natural linen. Only in the new era when people fully enjoy material wealth can people enjoy the beauty brought by fashion, even in the wholesale market, they can find a dress of the latest style and participate in "fashion" in a cheap and good way. (Editor: Li Zhengrong)

Burst! Get married early for playing ball! This is the role model of the players!

We’ve seen many ways to take a break in the NBA over the years.

In order not to play ball, various operations are endless.

Of course, if it is expanded to the level of the national team,

The reasons are even more strange, and reasonable ones include:

The previous season was too tired and needed time to rest.

Of course, it also includes the life event of "getting married"

"No, do you mean me?"

Some people cringe, others walk with their heads held high.

At the beginning of recruiting players for the World Cup, the United States team

Big names are refusing, so that the stars are dim.

People say that the dream team is not as good as Canada next door.

However, brunson announced his joining early.

He was the first to sign up and also the first to report.

It is also the first batch to invest in training camps.

What’s more, in order to concentrate on the national team competition,

Don’t let your personal life affect the whole.

He was originally scheduled to marry his fiancee on September 2.

Shengsheng finished the wedding one month in advance!

He also invited university teammates and national team teammates to witness together.

After the teammates witnessed it, the bottle was thrown and the suit was taken off.

Go directly to the national team training camp without neglect.

No honeymoon! I just want to play basketball!

People say: Life is bigger than basketball. Come to him

Everything is just a derivative of basketball.

At the end of the season, everyone else was busy on vacation.

Brunson has begun to complain that the season hasn’t started yet.

He can’t wait to hit another level.

All kinds of wild game bureaus and training bureaus in the middle have not fallen behind.

Although we stand in brunson’s wife’s point of view.

The husband is eager to serve the country and is absorbed in his work.

It must have affected the sweetness of the couple’s daily life.

But if you look at it from the perspective of the American men’s basketball team.

In the absence of big names, there is such a person.

So focused, so crazy, so serious

Others will be infected more or less, so strengthen your enthusiasm.

But then again, this year’s US team lineup

It is indeed the most embarrassing dream team in the past years.

Do you think the American team can make it into the top four this time?

If the NBA is a cup, who do you think is the champion?
The new activity of NBA hero opens! The last day of today
Lakers vs heat! Old Zhan confronted Butler, who did you choose?
There is a chance to vote for free every day, and if you vote, you will get a treasure chest.