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High temperature weather is easy to cause fatigue, etc., which can seriously induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and heat stroke, and the elderly and outdoor workers with basic diseases are easily affected. Doctors suggest that when working or studying in a high temperature and high humidity environment, you should ensure that you have a full rest in a cool and ventilated environment and replenish water in time.
Recently, a 27-year-old boy was rushed to the emergency room of the emergency department of Yizhuang Campus of Beijing Tongren Hospital by 120. According to colleagues, the patient was a construction worker and suddenly fell to the ground while working outdoors in high temperature.
Cao Qiumei, director of the emergency department of Yizhuang Campus of Beijing Tongren Hospital, told reporters that when the patient was sent, his consciousness was blurred, his limbs twitched and his body temperature was higher than 40℃. He was diagnosed with heatstroke. After nearly 6 hours of rescue by the emergency team, his consciousness gradually became clear and his vital signs recovered to a stable level.
Cao Qiumei said that recently, due to the high temperature weather, the number of emergency cases in hospitals has increased, mainly for some elderly people with basic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, cerebral infarction, long-term bedridden patients, etc. Their adaptability to high temperature is relatively poor, and they are easily induced by high fever. The onset of basic diseases, as well as some construction workers who work outdoors, takeaway brothers and so on.
What hazards does hot weather easily bring to people? How do outdoor workers do well in health protection? How to deal with the symptoms of heatstroke? The reporter interviewed this.
Classical heatstroke and labor heatstroke.
The high temperature weather in China has continued since the beginning of the summer. According to the forecast of the Central Meteorological Observatory on July 19, the high temperature in China will show a strong development trend in the next 10 days, and the local temperature can reach above 40℃.
High temperature weather can easily lead to fatigue, distraction, lack of tea and rice, reduced work efficiency, serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and heat stroke, and even death.
Gong Xiaojie, an attending physician in the emergency department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Tsinghua, Tsinghua University, said in an interview with Workers Daily that heatstroke often manifests as dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, chest tightness, rapid heart rate, hypotension, convulsions and even coma, and patients often go to emergency department, cardiology department, respiratory medicine department, digestive medicine department and neurology department for treatment.
Fang Xiaolei, chief physician of the emergency department of Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, said that heatstroke refers to the symptoms such as disorder of body temperature regulation, disorder of water and electrolyte metabolism and damage of nervous system function under the long-term action of high temperature and thermal radiation. Heat stroke is the most serious type of heat-induced disease with high mortality.
According to the different causes and susceptible people, heatstroke can be divided into classic heatstroke and labor heatstroke. Classical heat stroke is mainly caused by the imbalance between heat production and heat dissipation caused by passive exposure to thermal environment. Usually, there is no strenuous physical activity, and individuals with impaired thermoregulation function are more likely to get sick, such as infants, the elderly, patients with chronic basic diseases or impaired immune function, long-term bedridden and obese patients.
Labor-induced heatstroke is mainly due to the imbalance between heat production and heat dissipation caused by high-intensity physical activity, which is common in healthy young people who exercise vigorously in summer, such as officers and soldiers, athletes, firefighters and construction workers who take part in training in summer. Although labor-induced heatstroke is more likely to occur in high temperature and high humidity environment, environmental conditions are not necessary.
Work for 1 ~ 2 hours, rest properly and replenish water.
In hot weather, how should workers exposed to the outdoors do well in health protection? Cao Qiumei said that if outdoor work is inevitable, it is necessary to take protective measures, first of all, the supply of cool drinks, and secondly, the time should be arranged reasonably and enough rest time should be reserved.
"High-intensity, long-term exposure to outdoor work, it may be more reasonable to adopt a rotation system, reasonably set working hours, and try to avoid heatstroke. Moreover, if it is predicted that there is a possibility of heatstroke, it is necessary to prepare for medicines and first aid. " Cao Qiumei said.
"If you have just joined the work, the working hours and intensity should be gradually adjusted from less to more, from light to heavy, so that the body can adapt to the high temperature environment, which usually takes 1 to 2 weeks." Gong Xiaojie said that people who need outdoor work in summer should pay special attention not to work in a high temperature environment for a long time, properly arrange the workload, combine work and rest, reduce the workload at noon and afternoon, and take a proper rest and replenish water after working for 1-2 hours.
In addition to providing material security, reasonably arranging working hours and workload, outdoor workers should also strengthen the propaganda of heatstroke prevention and cooling, so that workers can pay attention to the harm of high temperature damage and escape from the summer correctly.
For the method of heatstroke prevention, Gong Xiaojie suggested that, first, getting enough sleep and ensuring rest can enhance the body’s immunity and reduce illness; Second, avoid drinking alcohol and alcoholic beverages. Alcohol will slow the body’s response to the outside world, affect the perception of bad environment and delay the discovery of diseases; The third is to replenish water properly. Water and electrolytes are very important to maintain the stability of the internal environment in the body, and dehydration will aggravate heatstroke. You can drink more mung bean soup and eat fruits with sufficient water such as watermelon. For drug suggestions, we should analyze specific problems and choose according to our own situation.
The doctor suggested carrying heat-clearing and summer-relieving articles with you.
Prevention is the key to reduce the fatality rate of heatstroke. Cao Qiumei emphasized that when working or studying in a high temperature and high humidity environment, you must ensure that you have a full rest in a cool and ventilated environment and replenish water in time.
Traditional Chinese medicine has also played an important role in the prevention and treatment of heatstroke. Chrysanthemum, honeysuckle, lotus leaf, mint, Pogostemon cablin and Pogostemon cablin, which are common in daily life, have the efficacy of clearing away heat and relieving summer heat, which can not only prevent the occurrence of severe heatstroke to a certain extent, but also have a good therapeutic effect at the first time of onset. Cao Qiumei said that you can carry essential balm with you, and when you have mild heatstroke symptoms, you can wipe the middle and temples to cool your subjective feelings. If dizziness and nausea occur in high temperature and high fever environment and do not relieve after rest, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible and let the doctor treat the symptoms in time.
Gong Xiaojie emphasized that you should try to stay in a cool environment in high temperature weather, and don’t be afraid to use air conditioning and other cooling equipment. If you go out, you should avoid high temperature periods, try to go out in the morning and evening, do a good job of sun protection when going out, wear light-colored breathable clothing, and try to shorten the detention time in high temperature environment. In addition, we should focus on some high-risk groups, such as the elderly, infants, people suffering from cardiovascular diseases and mental illness. If there are acute diseases such as fever and diarrhea, we should seek medical advice in time to avoid delaying the illness.