分类： sangna

　　In the first quarter, the agricultural production situation in Xinjiang continued to improve, and the construction of a national supply base for high-quality agricultural and livestock products accelerated. All localities have taken effective measures to ensure the smooth progress of spring ploughing production, further consolidate the food security and supply base of important agricultural products in the whole region, and continuously improve the supply level of important agricultural and livestock products.　

　　Statistics show that in the first quarter, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the whole region30.138 billion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, up 6.9% year-on-year, the highest growth rate since the first quarter of 2014.　

　　The production of spring ploughing started smoothly.　

　　Recently, all parts of Xinjiang have seized the favorable opportunity of rising temperature, seized the agricultural time to promote the work of spring sowing and spring management, and implemented the grain production task to the letter in counties, cities, villages and specific plots, laying a solid foundation for the annual agricultural harvest.　

　　"The application of Beidou navigation and other technologies has greatly improved the quality of sowing." Huang Shaotang, a villager from Haote Haoer Village, Hatubuhu Town, Wusu City, Xinjiang, said that in 2024, he planted corn with intelligent agricultural machinery for precise sowing, which saved manpower and agricultural materials and achieved cost savings and efficiency gains in the sowing process. With the support of advanced production technology, his corn yield is expected to exceed 1.4 tons, and the average net income per mu is about 1200 yuan.　

　　A year’s plan lies in spring, and the relationship between agricultural production in spring and the quality of agricultural harvest throughout the year.In the spring of 2024, there were many unfavorable weather such as cooling and strong winds, and the progress of spring sowing in various places was affected to some extent. To this end, according to the actual production, all localities mobilized agricultural technicians to go deep into the fields, strengthened service guidance, ensured that all field management measures were put in place in spring, and minimized the weather impact.　

　　At the same time, the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region strengthened communication and consultation with meteorological departments, timely released disaster warning information, put forward specific disaster prevention and mitigation measures, and guided all localities to do disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work. Set up a state service working group and send it.Twenty-one senior agricultural technology experts went deep into 21 major grain and cotton producing counties in the whole region to provide technical services, do a good job in water and fertilizer management, pest control and other work, and strive to promote the large-scale yield increase of important agricultural products such as grain and cotton and improve the comprehensive agricultural production efficiency.　

　　The latest agricultural situation scheduling shows that at present, cotton and corn in southern Xinjiang have entered a large-scale sowing period, spring wheat in northern Xinjiang has been sown one after another, and corn and cotton in some areas have entered a large-scale sowing period. Crops have been sown in the whole region.More than 32 million mu, the planting progress is close to 40%, an increase of nearly 1 million mu compared with 2023.　

　　The basic guarantee is solid and powerful.　

　　How much water can be supplied in spring determines.How much land can be planted in 2024 and ensuring irrigation water in spring is very important for agricultural production throughout the year.　

　　Since the start of spring ploughing production, villagers in Grassland Village, Ruokeya Township, Minfeng County, Xinjiang have been busy dredging channels and diverting water for irrigation. Technicians from agriculture and water conservancy departments have come to the fields to provide farmers with technical guidance on field management and irrigation, so that services can reach the grassroots level, and the fields are busy.　

　　"In 2024, the spring irrigation is timely, the incoming water is sufficient, and there are technical personnel to guide, and the harvest will definitely be better than that in 2023." Villager Sdic Tulson said.　

　　Since 2024, the water conservancy department of the whole region has promoted the implementation of various tasks such as ensuring spring irrigation, helping spring ploughing and preventing spring flood according to the actual situation of water coming from rivers, reservoir storage, engineering water supply, crop seedling situation and soil moisture, and matched the spring irrigation water supply plan to rivers, water points, irrigation areas and fields on a monthly basis, worked out a reasonable agricultural irrigation water plan, strengthened scientific allocation, and ensured spring sowing water to the maximum extent.　

　　byOn April 10th, the total agricultural water supply in the whole region was 4.142 billion cubic meters, which was basically the same as the same period in 2023. The accumulated agricultural irrigation area reached 29.2944 million mu, 2.15 million mu more than the same period in 2023. Judging from the inflow of water from rivers and the storage of water in reservoirs, the supply of water resources in the whole region can meet the demand for spring irrigation water in 2024.　

　　Recently, with the full start of spring ploughing production, the whole region has entered the peak period of sales of agricultural materials such as seeds and pesticides. Xinjiang’s agricultural and rural areas, market supervision, supply and marketing departments have formed a joint effort, keeping a close eye on key products and regions, cracking down on illegal and criminal acts that infringe on farmers’ interests, resolutely safeguarding the normal circulation order of agricultural materials market, strengthening the docking of production and marketing, dispatching and distribution, ensuring timely and convenient supply, high quality and stable price, and allowing farmers to use agricultural materials with confidence.　

　　At the same time, all localities plan and prepare early, and carry out supervision and spot checks on the problems of fake and inferior seeds that harm farmers, insufficient fertilizers and nutrients, and poor quality of agricultural films, so as to stop fake and inferior agricultural materials from entering the market at the source and escort spring ploughing production and grain harvest.　

　　With the joint efforts of all parties,During the spring ploughing in 2024, the supply of agricultural products in Xinjiang was sufficient and the quality was stable. Illegal activities such as the manufacture and sale of fake and inferior agricultural products and the infringement of registration cards have been significantly reduced, and the problem of fake and inferior agricultural products has been effectively curbed.　

　　The development of aquaculture is full of stamina.　

　　The orderly development of spring ploughing has stabilized the agricultural production throughout the year."Basic plate", the efficient development of aquaculture has effectively boosted the growth of the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the whole region in the first quarter.　

　　Since 2024, Xinjiang has made overall plans for the production of pigs, cattle, sheep, poultry and fresh milk, promoted eco-environmental aquaculture on large water surfaces, and supported standardized transformation of ponds. The region’s animal husbandry has achieved rapid growth, the scale of slaughter has continued to expand, and characteristic aquaculture has flourished.　

　　Relying on advanced breeding technology, it is known asTurpan, known as the "Fire Island", makes rational use of local cold water resources and successfully breeds salmon that need cold water environment.　

　　"Although the temperature is high, the water temperature is constant." Zhao Zhongbin, director of the farm of Xinjiang Dacaohu Cold Water Fish Co., Ltd., said that the enterprise adopts land-based aquaculture technology to make rational use of the upstream Tianshan Yongquan water and maintain it in a reasonable temperature range. Even in the hottest time in Turpan, the water temperature will not exceed 18 C, which is suitable for the growth and development of salmon.　

　　Not only that, the cold water resources from the upstream pass through the salmon farm, circulate once, and then continue to flow into the farmland to irrigate crops with organic fertilizer (fish manure) through the seepage-proof canal, thus realizing the full utilization of water resources.In 2024, the annual salmon production of Xinjiang Dacaohu Cold Water Fish Co., Ltd. is expected to reach 500 tons to 800 tons, and its products will be sold to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities.　

　　In terms of animal husbandry, the whole region focuses on increasing the production and quantity of cattle and sheep, promoting sheep breeding farms to improve the quality of breeding animals, supporting the expansion of mutton sheep breeding farms and cooperatives, and building them in Xinhe County, Kuqa City, shache county and Yecheng County in southern Xinjiang.Four key counties of beef cattle industry actively stabilize dairy production. At the same time, we should do a good job in guiding the service of spring transition, lamb picking and child rearing, and the animal husbandry and veterinary departments at all levels should carry out compulsory immunization of major animal diseases in spring in an orderly manner, so as to "avoid all exemptions and leave no gaps" and lay the foundation for the high-quality development of animal husbandry.　

　　CCTV News:On the 19th, China’s first regulation specifically for housing leasing and sales — — The Regulations on Housing Leasing and Sales Management (draft for comments) was issued, which includes housing leasing, housing sales, real estate brokerage services, supervision and management, legal responsibilities, etc., and regulates the housing leasing and sales market from multiple angles. What attracts people’s attention is that the regulations have carried out more ink on the rental market, among whichNearly half of the space focuses on how to protect renters.Equity.

　　For example, the regulations clearly stipulate that:

　　1. The lessor shall not use violence, threats or other coercive means to expel the lessee and recover the house;

　　2. If the frequency and extent of rent adjustment are not stipulated in the contract, the lessor shall not unilaterally increase the rent;

　　3. The people’s governments of municipalities directly under the central government, cities and counties shall establish a housing rent release system and regularly publish information such as the market rent level of sub-regions;

　　4. Encourage the lessor to sign a long-term housing lease contract with the lessee. If the parties sign a housing lease contract for more than 3 years and actually perform it, the local government should give relevant policy support.

　　At the Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year, it was clearly proposed to speed up the legislation of the housing rental market and accelerate the development of institutionalized and large-scale housing rental enterprises. At the beginning of this year, the State Council listed the legislation of housing rental market as an urgent project to deepen reform and included it in this year’s legislative work plan. What is the significance of this regulation when housing prices are high and many people can’t afford to buy a house? Is the beautiful era of renting really coming?

　　Give full play to flexible means to help the regulation of the property market

　　According to the latest data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the year-on-year increase in the prices of new commercial housing in 15 first-tier and hot-spot second-tier cities nationwide all dropped in April, indicating that the regulation effect introduced since the middle and late March has gradually emerged. However, although the results are similar, top-down government regulation and bottom-up housing price reduction cannot be equated. Once the policy strength slows down, then house prices may rise again.

　　Therefore, compared with the demand-side measures such as "restricting purchases, loans, prices and sales", it is a flexible means in line with market rules to vigorously develop and standardize the housing rental market, thereby increasing the "supply pool" of housing.

　　Protecting the rights and interests of "vulnerable groups" reflects the determination of national legislation

　　In recent years, with the rapid development of housing leasing and sales market, problems such as insufficient protection of the rights and interests of the parties, irregular market order and imperfect supervision system have also followed. Among them, the housing rental market is particularly chaotic. The reporter’s investigation found that there are several outstanding manifestations of the imperfect development of the current rental market mechanism: First, the contract is not reported, and it is difficult to coordinate when a dispute occurs, while the tenant is in a weak position, and the situation of "bullying" is common, and it is difficult to protect rights; Second, problems such as group rent are outstanding; Third, tenants are generally insecure — — Landlord rent increases, the lease period is arbitrary, and the phenomenon of second landlord is repeatedly banned.

　　Some experts believe that speeding up the legislation of housing leasing market and establishing a housing system with both purchase and rent are important measures to solve the problems existing in housing leasing and sales, such as insufficient protection of the rights and interests of the parties, irregular market order and imperfect supervision system. At the same time, it also reflects the determination of state government agencies to adhere to open-door legislation, scientific legislation and democratic legislation, and to improve the quality of legislation and realize good laws and good governance.

　　Guarantee the supply of housing and improve the tenant’s right to speak

　　Specifically, the management regulations to be issued will improve the lessee’s right to speak and the stability of the contract, such as encouraging the signing of long-term housing lease contracts and putting forward requirements for ensuring the living environment and quality. These regulations can make the lessee more confident, but the specific effect depends on two factors:First, how effective the policy implementation is; The second is the supply and demand situation of the housing rental market.In the case of sufficient supply of rental housing, the lessee naturally has higher bargaining power and the policy implementation will be smoother. On the other hand, there is great resistance to the implementation of the policy, and tenants may still dare to be angry and dare not speak out under unfair treatment.

　　The good news is that some cities have actively introduced the land policy of self-sustaining rental housing, and some projects are also in the process of construction, which has laid a better development condition for the rental market.

　　Remediation of unhealthy rental market can squeeze the housing price bubble to some extent.

　　In addition, in the housing rental market, renters often play the role of "vulnerable groups". In this far from customer-friendly market, the lessee has to try his best to "fly over the madhouse", and when he has the opportunity, he will move to the housing market and buy his humble abode, even if he has to bear high debts for it.

　　Therefore, it can be said that the unhealthy rental market and speculative buying together gave birth to the housing price bubble. In the process of squeezing the bubble and returning the market to the normal track, it is imperative to further improve the housing system with both rent and purchase. The regulations to be issued are aimed at regulating the housing leasing behavior, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and ensuring the safety of transactions. Let renters feel more at ease.

　　 The balance of interests between leasing and renting is the basis for the healthy development of the leasing market.

　　At the same time, it should also be noted that this draft for comments has made a lot of ink on the rental market, and many provisions involve protecting the rights and interests of tenants. But at the same time, the legitimate rights and interests of the lessor should be protected from infringement. Therefore, during the consultation period, we may hear many voices in this regard. After all, the relationship between lessor and lessee is not a zero-sum game, and finding the balance point between the rights and interests of both parties is the basis for the long-term healthy development of the housing rental market.

　　The healthy development of the property market also needs top-level policy design.

　　In addition, on the whole, since the middle and late March, a series of policies and measures have been introduced from ministries to localities to cool down the real estate market beyond the normal heat. These policies and measures have achieved good results, but although such "patch" policies can meet the immediate needs, the layered "patches" are far from maximizing the overall effect of the policies. Therefore, for the long-term healthy development of the property market,It is also necessary to carry out top-level design in policy formulation. Starting from the basic point that "houses are used for living, not for speculation", the previous policies are systematically planned and sorted out, and space is left for future market development.

Fruit platter. Special correspondent Meng Zhongde photo

Wen Hainan Daily reporter Bin Chen

Longgong Fruit, Jiabao Fruit, Purple Yellow Peel, Golden Papaya, Mameguo Fruit, Ice Cream Fruit, Rock Sugar Red Pineapple … In recent years, Hainan has actively introduced all kinds of new exotic fruits, and at the same time, through scientific research, a number of "new faces" of conventional fruits have been selected, from small-scale trial planting to gradual promotion, so that these "top students" have successfully integrated into the local area and successfully obtained Hainan "hukou".

Longgong fruit has both grape and mangosteen flavors.

Longgong fruit, also called coconut fruit, is a tropical fruit originating in Thailand and Malaysia. Hainan Shengda Modern Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. introduced Longgongguo from Thailand around 2013, and planted it in the World Tropical Fruit Window Base in dalu town, qionghai city. After the first sporadic fruit bearing in 2019, the trial fruit trees began to bear fruit steadily this year after various technical explorations and summaries.

"You can find the characteristics of three kinds of fruits in Longgong fruit!" Zhao Dezhen, the sales manager of the company, introduced that the skin of Longgong is thin and soft, with a small spherical shape and a yellowish skin, which is a bit like longan. Its pulp is divided into petals, similar to that of mangosteen; It is strung like a grape, and the fruit grows in a string next to the trunk, so it is more convenient to manage and pick.

Longgongguo is a valuable fruit in Thailand and is very popular in the local area. It is nutritious, peeled and ready-to-eat. Its flesh is crystal white, fragrant, soft and sweet, and it has the taste of grapes and mangosteen. It is known as the "fruit princess" in the fruit industry.

Longgong fruit seedlings grow slowly and have a long non-production period. Grafted seedlings are usually used for commercial planting. Longgong fruit can grow in Hainan, but it is more suitable for planting in humid and semi-humid areas of our province. At present, it is planted in Qionghai and Wanning. Planting for 4 to 5 years will bear fruit, and you can harvest two seasons a year, namely May and around the Spring Festival. The world tropical fruit window base is now trying to plant 33 trees per mu, and the yield of a single tree per mu in high yield period can reach more than 100 kilograms; There are 18 germplasm resources preserved in the base, with an annual seedling breeding capacity of about 10,000 plants.

It is understood that the fresh fruits of Longgong fruit on the market are mainly from Thailand and Viet Nam, and the market price is about 30 yuan per catty, and the quantity is very limited. There are two reasons: on the one hand, Longgong fruit is not resistant to storage, its preservation period is short, and it is easy to deteriorate during transportation; On the other hand, Thailand and other places themselves have great demand for Longgong fruit. The successful high-yield cultivation of Longgong fruit in Hainan is expected to let more people eat this rare fruit.

The taste of ice cream fruit is very similar to "vanilla ice cream"

It looks like a green apple and tastes sweet and soft. Do you know what kind of fruit this is? At the window base of tropical fruits in the world, there is a kind of fruit called "ice cream fruit", which often arouses the curiosity of visitors.

Green skin and fist-sized fruit make it difficult to associate it with ice cream at first glance, so why did it get its name? The reporter learned that the freshly picked ice cream fruit can’t be eaten immediately. It should be kept at room temperature for a few days until it is soft and ripe. Its pulp is white or beige, and it melts at the entrance. There is also a special way to eat ice cream fruit. After it is washed and peeled, it is frozen in the refrigerator. After it is taken out, it will be found to be very similar to the ice cream ball on the ice cream, and it has a rich fruity aroma and a vanilla flavor. It tastes very similar to ice cream, so it is called "ice cream fruit". "We also found through experiments that ice cream fruits are particularly resistant to storage, and the taste will not be affected if they are frozen in the refrigerator for one year." Zhao Dezhen said.

Ice cream fruit, also known as white persimmon, is a tropical fruit originating in South America, which is rich in potassium, vitamin C and various trace elements. Its maturity is from May to August every year. During this period, the weather in Hainan is hot, and ice cream fruit is a good summer product.

"Like ice cream, ice cream fruit has many different flavors!" Zhao Dezhen introduced that the World Tropical Fruit Window Base has introduced nearly 70 kinds of ice cream fruits. According to the taste, besides vanilla, there are honey flavor, caramel flavor, milk flavor, fragrant honey flavor, pear flavor, watermelon flavor and other categories. At present, the market price is about 100 yuan per catty.

It is understood that ice cream fruit likes heat and drought resistance, strong wind resistance and storage resistance, and the yield per mu can reach 4000 kg to 6000 kg, which is more suitable for popularization and planting. At present, the commercial cultivation area in Qionghai and Haikou is about 500 mu, and the annual seedling production capacity is about 10 thousand.

Fruits displayed in the window of tropical fruits in the world. Special correspondent Meng Zhongde photo

Mameguo "noble fruit" sells for thousands of yuan each.

Mameguo is a kind of fruit that looks very "low-key". It has a brown appearance like kiwi fruit and looks a bit like American football. But don’t be fooled by its "appearance". Peeling off its peel will make your eyes shine. The pulp inside is bright red and the color is very attractive. Its meat is soft and tastes like a ripe persimmon. When chewed, it can taste like papaya or sweet potato.

Mameguo, also known as "Cuban immortal fruit", is a famous tropical and subtropical fruit category in Central America, and the yield of a single tree in Cuba can reach 5000 Jin. Although it looks low-key, its market price is not low-key. The output of mamma mume fruit in China is very small. At present, the price of mamma mume fruit in the market is about 300 yuan per catty, the weight of single fruit is generally 3 kg to 4 kg, and the weight of large fruit of individual varieties can reach 10 kg. In other words, a medium-sized Mameguo costs thousands of dollars.

The biggest feature of Mameguo is its ever-changing taste. Different people can taste different flavors, which is called "fruit blind box"! The reporter learned that mamei fruit has rich taste levels, and different people can taste different flavors such as coconut flavor, almond flavor, pumpkin flavor, cantaloupe flavor and peach flavor when eating it. In addition, this kind of fruit also has a characteristic-slow ripening, which generally takes 18 months from flowering to fruiting, and the fruit matures from May to August every year.

In addition to fresh food, Mameguo can also be used to make ice cream, milkshake, juice, jelly and so on. It is rich in vitamins and minerals, with high nutritional value and good commercial planting prospects. It is understood that Hainan is one of the provinces that introduced all kinds of excellent varieties of mume fruit earlier in China.

A "cow" whose milk grows on a tree.

Cow milk is a tropical fruit originating in the Caribbean, and the main producing areas in China are Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan and other provinces.

The milk fruit is spherical. After ripening, the skins of different varieties are purple, light purple, green, etc., and the pulp is milky white, orange, light purple, etc., which is sweet, smooth and tender, emitting a faint milky fragrance. No matter cutting leaves, branches or fruits, white milk will overflow. It is called "milk fruit" because its pulp oozes milk-like juice.

This kind of fruit is nutritious and can be eaten directly, or mixed with different fruits to make juice or dried fruit. The way to eat fresh fruit is also very particular. You have to put it in your hand first, then knead it, give it a "massage to relax", soften the part between the peel and the pulp, and extract the juice, which will make it more refreshing.

Huang Haijie, an associate researcher at the Institute of Quality and Resources of China Academy of Thermal Sciences, said that as early as the 1960s, buttermilk was introduced to Hainan from Southeast Asia. At that time, people didn’t understand its growth habits, and the fruit trees only bear fruit sporadically in a few years, which led many people to think that it was not suitable for promotion in Hainan. Until 2010, Chinese researchers introduced different dairy resources from Thailand, Viet Nam and Taiwan, China, and tried to plant them in some areas of Hainan and Guangxi, with successful results. After several rounds of breeding, a variety capable of self-pollination was selected around 2017.

At present, some enterprises in Hainan have introduced some varieties of dairy fruits, such as Green Peel, Zi Long 860, 3Q and Lvba.

Rock sugar red pineapple looks like a "red crown" from a distance.

Located in Nada Town, Danzhou, in the pineapple planting base of the Institute of Tropical Crop Variety Resources of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (hereinafter referred to as China Institute of Thermal Sciences), an orange-red pineapple is particularly conspicuous and looks like a "red crown" from a distance.

People living in Hainan will be familiar with golden pineapple, but many people have never seen this new orange-red pineapple variety. Because its green peel is orange-red, bright in color, good in taste and high in sweetness when it matures, it is deeply loved by people, so it is named "rock sugar red pineapple".

Rock sugar red pineapple is a new variety introduced and bred from Taiwan Province by Institute of Quality and Resources of China Institute of Thermal Science in 2005. "When we first planted rock sugar red pineapple, we found that its leaves had irregular thorns, and the crown buds of the fruit were too large, which affected the appearance." Dr Luan Aiping from the Institute of Quality and Information of China Academy of Thermal Sciences told the reporter that in order to further optimize the variety, on the one hand, researchers carried out cross breeding, on the other hand, they screened out excellent offspring with short and dignified crown buds, a small amount of thorns at the tip of leaves or basically no thorns for further reproduction.

After 15 years of continuous selection, domestication and research on supporting cultivation techniques, the characteristics of rock sugar red pineapple have been stable, the crown buds have become smaller, the leaf thorns have disappeared, the fruit shape is bigger and better, and the sugar content has increased from about 14 to 22. This variety is not only edible, but also a good potted plant in tourist attractions, shared farms and families. At present, it has been popularized in Hainan, Guangdong and other provinces.

"After the fruit of rock sugar red pineapple matures, the peel turns pale yellow, and the original red color completely fades, which will affect its commercial value to some extent." Luan Aiping said that in the next step, the pineapple research team will continue to carry out technical breakthroughs and constantly screen excellent varieties, so that the rock sugar red pineapple is also a "red makeup" when it matures.

"Golden Jelly" in the Fruit Industry of Topaz Fruit

In the planting base of Haikou Golden Palm Ecological Technology Development Co., Ltd., the fruits wrapped in white paper bags are particularly conspicuous on the trees. Fruits with smooth skin, golden color and small grapefruit shape are hidden in them.

Topaz, native to the upper reaches of the Amazon River in South America, was first introduced from Taiwan, China. In 2013, Hainan introduced topaz seedlings from Taiwan Province and successfully planted them. The young fruit of Vitex negundo is dark green and turns bright yellow when it matures. It is round or oval in shape and has a smooth surface.

Vitex negundo is rich in protein, carbohydrates, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamins, and it is nutritious. Mature fruit weighs 200 grams to 500 grams. Its flesh is milky white, sweet and fragrant after maturity, with slightly sticky milk, translucent and gelatinous, with a Q-elastic taste like jelly and a faint milk coconut fragrance.

What many people don’t know is that many new fruit varieties, including Vitex negundo, will be "acclimatized" when they are just introduced to Hainan, and the fruit type, taste and yield are not ideal. It will take three to five years or even longer to form excellent varieties by doing a good job in breeding and constantly screening excellent varieties for propagation.

Zhou Kun, deputy general manager of Haikou Golden Palm Ecological Technology Development Co., Ltd. told the reporter that the company introduced the seedlings of yellow fruit from Thailand, and the fruit at first was not sweet, and the pulp was easy to turn black. In order to improve the quality, they keep trying to plant. Every fruit tree should be tasted and marked when it matures, from which excellent varieties are selected, and then bud grafting is carried out, and then propagation is continued. It took three years to finally select more than 10 excellent varieties, among which "Palme d ‘Or No.1" and "Palme d ‘Or No.3" have a sugar content of about 25, and the pulp is not easy to change color and is more resistant to storage.

It is understood that the yield of topaz fruit per mu can reach 4000 kg to 5000 kg, and it can bear fruit four times a year. Due to considerable economic benefits, in recent years, our province has promoted the seedlings of Vitex negundo in Ledong, Chengmai, Danzhou and Haikou. "We are carrying out large-scale seedling grafting, and we plan to promote planting in large areas in conjunction with farmers in surrounding villages. At the end of this year or early next year, everyone can see topaz fruit in Hainan market." Zhou Wei said.

The administrative offices of the Union, the Municipal People’s Government, the commissions, offices, departments and bureaus of the autonomous region, and major enterprises and institutions:

The Master Plan of Mineral Resources in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2021-2025) is hereby printed and distributed to you, please conscientiously implement it according to the actual situation.

August 19, 2022

(This piece is publicly released)

Overall planning of mineral resources in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

(2021-2025)

catalogue

general rules

Chapter I Planning Basis

Section 1 Status of Resources

Section 2 Development Achievements

Section 3 Facing the Situation

Chapter II Guiding Ideology and Basic Principles

The first section guiding ideology

Section 2 Basic Principles

Section III Planning Objectives

Chapter III General Layout of Mineral Resources Protection and Exploration and Development

Section 1 Coordinating the Regional Layout of Mineral Resources Exploration and Development

Section 2 Improving the Construction Level of Energy Resources Base

Section III Strengthening the Support Capacity of National Planned Mining Areas

Section IV Strengthening the Management and Control of Mineral conservation zone

Section 5 Standardize the zoning construction of key exploration and mining planning

Chapter IV Investigation, Evaluation and Exploration of Mineral Resources

Section 1 Promoting Basic Geological Survey and Evaluation as a Whole

Section II Steady Exploration of Mineral Resources

Section III Strengthening the Management of Mineral Resources Exploration

Chapter V Protection, Development and Utilization of Mineral Resources

The first section continues to carry out differentiated management and control of mineral resources

Section 2 Gradually improve the structure of mineral resources development and utilization

Section III Comprehensively Improve the Utilization Efficiency of Mineral Resources

Section IV Strengthening the Management of Mineral Resources Development

Chapter VI Green Development of Mining Industry

The first section comprehensively promotes the construction of green mines

In the second quarter, efforts were made to strengthen the management of mine geological environment

Chapter VII Planning Implementation and Management

Section 1 Strengthening organizational leadership

Section II Strengthening the Role of Planning Control

Section 3 Strict Target Responsibility Assessment and Approval System

Section IV Strengthening the Evaluation, Supervision and Inspection of Planning Implementation

Section 5 Improving the Informatization Level of Planning Management

general rules

In order to improve the guarantee ability of mineral resources, promote the efficient utilization of resources, and promote the exploration and development of mineral resources in the autonomous region to take a new path of high-quality development oriented to ecological priority and green development, according to the Mineral Resources Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and its supporting laws and regulations, Measures for the Implementation of Mineral Resources Planning, Outline of the Yellow River Basin Ecological Protection and High-quality Development Planning, National Mineral Resources Planning (2021-2025), Outline of the 14th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Long-term Target in 2035, etc., and in combination with the actual situation of the autonomous region, the Master Plan for Mineral Resources in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2021-2025) (hereinafter referred to as the Plan) is formulated.

"Planning" is an important means to strengthen and improve the macro-management of mineral resources, an important basis for the approval, supervision and management of mineral resources exploration, development, utilization and protection activities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region according to law, and an important follow-up to the mineral resources planning of Union City and Banner County. Related industries and regional planning involving mineral resources exploration and development activities in the autonomous region shall be linked with this Plan.

The scope of application of the Plan is the mineral resources in the administrative region of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

The Plan takes 2020 as the base period, 2021-2025 as the planning period, and looks forward to 2035.

Chapter I Planning Basis

Section 1 Status of Resources

There are 124 kinds of minerals whose reserves have been identified in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and 119 kinds of minerals listed in the Table of Mineral Resources Reserves of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (excluding oil, natural gas, uranium and geothermal and mineral water that have not been statistically summarized by the Ministry of Natural Resources at present), and there are 2150 mineral places listed above, including 891 large and medium-sized mineral places. The reserves of 45 minerals in the whole region rank among the top three in China, and the reserves of 103 minerals rank among the top ten in China. Among them, coal, lead, zinc, silver, rare earth, niobium, germanium, ordinary fluorite and crystalline graphite are the dominant minerals in the autonomous region. In 2020, 121 kinds of minerals will be mined, with a total output value of 246.26 billion yuan, accounting for 14.19% of the total output value of the autonomous region. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is rich in coal, rare earth and other important mineral resources, and its related industries have great development potential. It has formed a complete industrial chain of geological survey, exploration, mining, smelting, processing and application.

The variety of energy and minerals is complete. Oil and natural gas are concentrated in Ordos basin, Erlian basin (group), Kailu basin and Hailaer basin (group). The coal reserves amount to 517.913 billion tons, ranking first in China, accounting for 29.02% of the total coal reserves, and most of them have the characteristics of simple coalfield structure, stable coal seam, large thickness, shallow burial and easy open-pit mining, and have the resource conditions for building a super-large energy base, which has an important impact on the national energy structure and layout. The discovered uranium resources rank first in China, and it has become an important exploration and development base of uranium resources in northern China. Rare earth resources are unique, and the amount of rare earth oxide resources ranks first in the country. Baotou is known as the "rare earth capital", and the amount of rare earth resources accounts for 83.7% of the national total. Non-ferrous metal mineral resources are rich in reserves and concentrated in distribution, which have the conditions for scale development. They are mainly distributed in the west of Hulunbeier City, the south-central section of Daxing ‘anling and Langshan area. The amount of non-ferrous metals in the three areas accounts for more than 95% of the total in the region, and they are important supply bases for non-ferrous metal raw materials in China. Non-metallic minerals are widely distributed, and ordinary fluorite, crystalline graphite, kaolin, salt, gypsum, mirabilite and trona have obvious advantages.

Section 2 Development Achievements

The objectives and tasks of Inner Mongolia set in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for mineral resources have been basically completed, and the regional development direction of the autonomous region has been implemented.

The basic geological survey was promoted in an orderly manner, and the service field was further expanded. The total investment in the whole region is about 1.1 billion yuan, and 62,600 square kilometers of regional gravity survey, 13,800 square kilometers of land quality geochemical survey, 80,600 square kilometers of regional geological survey and 48,000 square kilometers of regional mineral geological survey have been completed. Through the implementation of regional mineral geological survey projects, the basic geological work of the autonomous region has been improved and a large number of comprehensive anomalies and important mines have been provided. Completed the 1 ︰ 100,000 hydrogeologic survey of counties such as Xiwuzhumuqin Banner and Ejina Banner, with 364,000 square kilometers, and carried out the comprehensive development and utilization evaluation of Tongliao area and Hetao irrigation area, which provided services for the new needs of economic and social development and ecological civilization construction.

The exploration of mineral resources has achieved remarkable results, and the security of resources has become more powerful. We strengthened the breakthrough in prospecting, actively guided all kinds of capital investment, and invested a total of 4.26 billion yuan in mineral exploration, adding 117 large and medium-sized mineral sites, including 63 large and 54 medium-sized ones. Outstanding achievements have been made in important minerals, with 113.614 billion tons of new coal, 1.459 million tons of copper metal, 3.238 million tons of gold metal, 333,000 tons of tin metal, 231,000 tons of molybdenum metal and 44.752 million tons of crystalline graphite mineral. Large and medium-sized deposits such as Na Ren Wula Tungsten Bismuth Silver Polymetallic, Villasto Lithium Polymetallic and Chagan Wendu Crystalline Graphite have been newly discovered. Major breakthroughs have been made in dominant minerals such as silver, lead and zinc, and a number of large and medium-sized deposits such as Fuxingtun, Donghuanaote silver polymetallic deposit and Huletu zinc polymetallic deposit have been newly discovered. The local finance invested 170 million yuan and arranged 48 geothermal exploration projects, which achieved a major breakthrough in geothermal exploration and accumulated rich exploration experience.

The development of mineral resources is more reasonable and resources are effectively protected. Actively guide the efficient utilization of fluorite resources, Wulanchabu City has carried out a demonstration project of fluorite development and utilization, which has made great innovations in key technologies of mining, selection and utilization, and improved the added value of important nonmetallic resources. The protection and utilization of germanium coal, coking coal and anthracite have been strengthened, and super-scale production is strictly prohibited, and effective protection has been achieved through multi-pronged. The total supply and demand of coal was basically balanced, and 592 mining rights were withdrawn from nature reserves.

The development structure of mineral resources has been optimized, and the level of conservation and intensification has been continuously improved. Adhere to the integration of mineral resources and the adjustment of industrial structure, and the level of large-scale and economical and intensive utilization of mineral resources has been significantly improved. The number of mines decreased from 4,776 in 2015 to 3,393 by the end of 2020, the number of large and medium-sized mines increased from 579 to 955, and the proportion of large and medium-sized mines increased from 12.12% to 28.15%, an increase of 16.03 percentage points over 2015. Mining enterprises actively carry out scientific and technological innovation, and the level of comprehensive utilization of resources and energy saving and emission reduction has been improved year by year. The indicators of "three rates" (mining recovery rate, mineral processing recovery rate and comprehensive utilization rate) have reached the minimum requirements of the national "three rates" indicators.

The ecological civilization of mines has been steadily advanced, and the green development and construction have achieved remarkable results. A series of institutional measures such as "Green Mine Construction Plan of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region" have been formulated, and the construction of green mines has received positive response from mining enterprises. 381 mines in the autonomous region have been included in the list of green mines, of which 67 mines have been included in the national list of green mines. 55 of the 141 mines in three green mining development demonstration zones have been included in the list of green mines, among which Chifeng North has been successfully included in the list of national green mining development demonstration zones. The whole region invested 430 million yuan to start and implement 21 green exploration demonstration projects, and issued and implemented the technical requirements for green exploration in the autonomous region.

The efforts to control the geological environment of mines have been intensified, and the results of geological environment control have been obvious. The acceptance system for the management of mine geological environment by stages was implemented, and the accumulated management funds for production mines were about 9.783 billion yuan, with an accumulated management area of about 711.8 square kilometers. Through the implementation of the acceptance system by stages, the management of mine geological environment was strengthened and the process of "repaying old debts" was accelerated. The financial investment at all levels was 2.039 billion yuan, and the area of mine geological environment treatment left over from history was 215.5 square kilometers. The mine ecological environment and human settlement environment were obviously improved, and both development and treatment were paid equal attention, and good economic, social and environmental benefits were achieved. The transformation from the deposit system to the fund system for mine geological environment management has further promoted the mine geological environment management in the autonomous region to enter a new situation.

The reform of mineral resources management has been deepened, and the market’s ability to allocate resources has been significantly improved. The autonomous region carried out special rectification work in the field of mineral resources and special rectification work in the field of coal resources, and comprehensively sorted out relevant regulations and policy documents on mineral resources management. Fully implement "double randomness and one openness" and strengthen the management of mineral resources exploration and development. Promote decentralization and functional transformation, and decentralize the examination and approval of sand and gravel mining rights for ordinary buildings. We will strengthen spot checks on public information of exploration and mining, gradually shift from pre-approval to post-event supervision, from micro-management to strengthening and improving macro-management, and basically build a new mechanism for natural resources management in line with the actual situation of the autonomous region.

Section 3 Facing the Situation

Deepening the construction of ecological civilization requires keeping the ecological bottom line. With the deepening of ecological civilization construction, the importance of ecology is more prominent. As an important ecological security barrier in northern China, Inner Mongolia’s ecological situation is not only related to the survival and development of all ethnic groups in the region, but also related to the ecological security in Northeast China, North China, Northwest China and even the whole country. When inspecting Inner Mongolia, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that the development of any place should comprehensively consider the carrying capacity of resources and environment, and must not sacrifice the environment for temporary economic growth. The "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for the whole region to take a new path of high-quality development oriented to ecological priority and green development. We must properly handle the relationship between mineral resources exploration and development and ecological environmental protection, and always adhere to ecological priority and green development.

High-quality economic development requires further efforts to ensure resources. Mining development provides 95% energy, 80% raw materials and more than 70% agricultural means of production for China’s economic and social development. Inner Mongolia is an important energy resource base. It is necessary to increase the investment in geological survey and exploration, increase the investigation, evaluation and exploration of oil and gas, rare earth, rare and sparse minerals in a targeted manner, take into account the exploration of iron, copper, nickel and other bulk scarce minerals, and strive to form a number of energy resources connecting areas to ensure the supply of energy resources.

Green development of mining industry requires efficient utilization of resources. At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is booming, and the utilization mode of mineral resources is undergoing profound changes. The demand for traditional bulk minerals represented by coal, steel and cement is about to peak, while the demand for bulk minerals represented by aluminum, copper, lead and nickel will remain high, and the demand for new materials and new energy minerals represented by lithium, cobalt, rare earth, geothermal, coalbed methane and shale gas will grow rapidly. Peak carbon dioxide emissions and the goal of carbon neutrality put forward new requirements for the development and utilization of mineral resources. We must actively establish a new pattern of mining development with large and medium-sized mining enterprises as the main body, further optimize the mining layout, and intensively save and use resources.

Deepening the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" requires accelerating the reform of mineral resources management. With the deepening of the management reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" and the implementation of the functions and responsibilities of "two unifications" of natural resources, it is urgent to accelerate the management reform of mineral resources and continuously optimize the business environment in the mining field. Adjust the right to transfer mining rights, and fully realize the management at the same level of transfer registration of mining rights of the same mineral; Reduce the examination and approval time of mining rights, streamline the application materials and optimize the declaration procedures; Simplify the merger, review, filing and registration matters, compress the handling links and elements, and reduce the scope of direct government review and filing of mineral resources reserves; Promote the establishment of an inter-departmental joint review mechanism, form a change from "I want to do it" to "I want to do it", and rely on the autonomous region’s mobile government service platform to strive to achieve "one network, handheld, once and for you" efficient service.

Chapter II Guiding Ideology and Basic Principles

The first section guiding ideology

Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the previous plenary sessions of the 19th National Congress, fully implement the spirit of the important instructions given by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader to Inner Mongolia, adapt to the new development stage, fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, serve and integrate into the new development pattern, and closely focus on the strategic positioning of "two barriers", "two bases" and "one bridgehead" in Inner Mongolia. Strengthen basic geological survey and important mineral exploration, ensure the safety of energy resources, implement the requirements of land space control and energy consumption dual control, implement zoning control, total amount control and source control, take protection priority and intensive agglomeration development as the main line, improve resource utilization efficiency, strengthen mine geological environment management, comprehensively promote green mine construction, promote the modernization of governance system and governance capacity in mineral resources field, and take a new path of high-quality development oriented to ecological priority and green development.

Section 2 Basic Principles

Adhere to demand orientation and strong guarantee. Strengthen the basic geological work, strengthen the exploration of important minerals, promote the geological special projects in Beishan area, shift the key exploration areas from east to west, and gradually shift from surface exploration to deep exploration vertically, so as to promote the optimization and upgrading of the exploration and development layout of mineral resources in the autonomous region and ensure the supply of important minerals.

Adhere to ecological priority and green development. We will implement the hard constraints of "the red line of ecological protection, the bottom line of environmental quality and the online utilization of resources", strengthen the rigid hard constraints of water resources, improve the entry threshold, limit all kinds of exploration and development activities within the carrying capacity of resources and environment, and promote the green and high-quality development of mineral resources.

Adhere to the priority of protection and efficient utilization. Strengthen resource protection, continue to regulate the total amount of development and utilization, build a pattern of intensive agglomeration and large-scale development of mineral resources with energy resource bases and state-planned mining areas as the main body, and improve the comprehensive utilization level of mineral resources.

Adhere to comprehensive governance and coordinated development. Resolutely curb the increase of mine environmental problems, speed up the reduction of mine environmental problems, promote the management of mine geological environment in the Yellow River basin, comprehensively promote the construction of green mines, and promote the coordination between mineral resources exploration and development and ecological environmental protection.

Adhere to reform, innovation and standardized development. Give play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, further deepen the reform of mineral resources management, strengthen the differentiated management of minerals and regions, and implement the new responsibility orientation of natural resources work.

Section III Planning Objectives

1.2025 target. By 2025, the supply guarantee system of important minerals such as coal, rare earth, copper and gold will be more perfect, the regional layout of exploration and development will be more reasonable, and the exploration and development of mineral resources will be more coordinated with environmental protection, basically forming a new pattern of green exploration and development.

The resource guarantee is more powerful. Further consolidate the basic geological survey, solve a number of key problems that restrict resources and environment, and actively expand the service field. We will strengthen the investigation, evaluation and exploration of unconventional energy sources, intensify the exploration of important minerals, achieve new breakthroughs in prospecting, and newly discover 10-15 large and medium-sized mineral sites, with the reserves of important mineral resources growing steadily.

The layout structure is more reasonable. Promote the complementary, differentiated and high-quality coordinated development of the mining industry in the eastern, central and western regions of the autonomous region, make the zoning more reasonable, control more effective, and coordinate resource development with regional economic development and ecological environment protection. We will steadily promote the construction of energy resource bases such as coal and rare earth and the construction of national planned mining areas. The annual output of coal in the whole region is about 1 billion tons, and rare earth oxides and tungsten are produced according to the national indicators.

Resource utilization is more efficient. The number of mines in the autonomous region has been further reduced, and the scale has been significantly improved. The total number of mines in the period is controlled within 2,900, and the proportion of large and medium-sized mines has increased to about 35%. To increase the minimum mining scale of new mines, in principle, no new small and below mines will be built except coalbed methane, rich iron, gold, geothermal and mineral water. The investment in science and technology has gradually increased, the level of economical and intensive utilization of mines has been significantly improved, the level of "three rates" has reached the national requirements, and the local conversion rate of resources has gradually increased.

The construction of green mines has been comprehensively promoted. Build a working mechanism of government-led, departmental coordination and three-level joint creation, establish a green mine standard system, implement a third-party evaluation system and a green mine directory management system, increase policy support, and accelerate the process of green mine construction. Strengthen the geological environment management of mines in key areas such as the Yellow River Basin, Wuhai and its surrounding areas, strengthen the geological environment management of production mines, strictly supervise and urge mines to manage while producing, and the geological environment management of mines has achieved remarkable results.

The reform of mining administration was further deepened. We will comprehensively promote the reform of mineral resources management system and mechanism, and further improve the efficiency of administrative examination and approval and the level of information management. The management of mineral resources reserves is more detailed, and the resources are more clear. Actively explore the transfer of sand and gravel "net ore", and the collection and distribution mechanism of transfer income will become more reasonable. The management system of mineral resources is more perfect, and the governance system and governance capacity in the field of mineral resources are basically modernized.

2. Outlook in 2035. By 2035, the supply guarantee system of important mineral resources will be more stable, the spatial layout of exploration and development will be basically reasonable, resource development will be more coordinated with regional development and ecological civilization construction, and mines will be more intelligent, large-scale, intensive and ecological. The green development mode of resource conservation and efficient utilization has been fully formed, and the management system and mechanism of mineral resources have been improved.

Chapter III General Layout of Mineral Resources Protection and Exploration and Development

Section 1 Coordinating the Regional Layout of Mineral Resources Exploration and Development

Strictly observe the ecological security boundary. Strictly implement the requirements of land and space management and control, conscientiously implement the requirements of "three lines and one order" (red line of ecological protection, bottom line of environmental quality, online utilization of resources and access list of ecological environment), and implement the most stringent grassland ecological environment protection system. In the ecological control line along the Yellow River, it is forbidden to build or expand projects with high energy consumption and high pollution. Energy resource bases, national planned mining areas and key exploration and mining areas should be well connected with the red line of ecological protection and nature reserves, and the relationship between resource development and ecological protection should be handled as a whole. Resource development should meet the relevant requirements of national land space control.

Promote the protection of the development area in the eastern region. Firmly establish the concept of ecological priority and green development, and on the basis of coordinating the relationship between ecological protection and economic development, form an exploration and development pattern of point development and surface protection, carry out deep exploration of old mines, and improve the utilization efficiency of existing mine resources. Hulunbeier City and Xilin Gol League regions will strengthen the restoration of mine geological environment and comprehensively promote the construction of green mines. In the central Xing ‘an League-the northern part of Chifeng City and the Aohan Banner area in the southern part of Chifeng City, we will focus on the exploration and development of metal resources such as copper, silver, iron, lead, zinc, tin, molybdenum and gold, improve the ability to guarantee metal resources, and build an important polymetallic resource base. Promote the geochemical survey of land quality in Hulunbeier City, Tongliao City and Chifeng City, or in areas with high selenium content.

Promote the clean and efficient utilization of resources in the "zigzag" in central China. Hohhot, Baotou, Wulanchabu, Ordos, Bayannaoer and Wuhai are located in the "Ziziwan" area of the Yellow River, which are ecologically important areas and key development areas of the autonomous region. It is necessary to actively promote the green development, clean and efficient utilization of resources, and carry out comprehensive urban geological surveys and exploration and development of unconventional energy sources such as geothermal energy. Build a coal base with high standards, optimize and improve the coal production capacity of Ordos City, steadily promote the construction of modern large-scale coal mines, and develop high-quality production capacity in a scientific and orderly manner. Focusing on the unique rare earth resources in Baotou City, we will strengthen the efficient utilization of rare earths and build an important R&D and production base for new rare earth materials in China. Give full play to the regional advantages of Wulanchabu City, build a deep processing base of graphite resources, improve the scale of fluorite mines in Siziwangqi, and promote the development of large-scale industrialization. Integrate mineral resources in Wuhai and surrounding areas to realize centralized development, unified management and contiguous management of resources.

Accelerate the concentrated development of mineral resources in the western region. Focusing on important minerals, we will continue to increase prospecting efforts in Beishan area and key exploration areas in the north of Bayannaoer city to ensure the steady growth of important mineral resources reserves and achieve a breakthrough in prospecting in key exploration areas. In Beishan area of Ejina Banner, iron-rich, copper-rich, gold-rich and other important minerals are the main minerals, and special exploration work such as comprehensive geological survey, important solid mineral exploration, deep mine prospecting, geological science and technology research and comprehensive research is carried out, so as to achieve a breakthrough in prospecting for important minerals. In the northern area of Bayannaoer City, the deep exploration of important minerals such as iron, copper and gold will be intensified, the level of resource utilization will be improved, and an energy resource base will be built.

Section 2 Improving the Construction Level of Energy Resources Base

Unified planning and management shall be carried out in the base, and key support and guarantee shall be given in terms of productivity layout, infrastructure construction, major project arrangement and relevant industrial policies, so as to vigorously promote the development of resource scale and industrial agglomeration, and protect the ecological environment and groundwater resources while rationally developing and utilizing mineral resources. Complete the construction of green mines in an all-round way, strengthen the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of various resources, save energy and reduce emissions, increase investment in scientific and technological innovation and personnel training, and take the lead in building digital mines.

Strengthen the resource guarantee function of coal base. The coal production capacity in the base accounts for more than 90% of the whole region, and the Ordos city area releases high-quality production capacity through new construction and nuclear increase; Effectively give play to the role of "storing and ensuring supply" in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia, and effectively guarantee the coal supply in the northeast. Accelerate the intelligent development of coal mines, basically achieve 100% underground mechanization, and fully complete the three-year action task of intelligent construction. By the end of the "14 th Five-Year Plan", all large-scale normal production coal mines with conditions will be intelligent, and the coal support capacity of the whole region will be improved.

Strengthen the efficient utilization of rare earth base resources. Give full play to the advantages of Baotou’s rich rare earth resources and complete industrial system, as well as the advantages of research and development, inspection and testing of scientific research institutions such as the State Key Laboratory for Research and Comprehensive Utilization of Rare Earth Resources in Baiyun Obo, strengthen the research and development of key common technologies, and focus on R&D and innovation in related fields with scientific and technological resources advantages in Baotou, the construction of pilot demonstration lines for scientific and technological achievements, and the incubation of high-tech enterprises, so as to build new rare earth materials and application industrial clusters.

Improve the resource development level of metal base. Intensify prospecting in the depth and periphery of the metal resource base and extend the service life of the mine. Encourage mining enterprises to carry out mergers and acquisitions and resource integration, build leading backbone enterprises, promote the allocation of resources to key smelting and processing enterprises, accelerate industrial integration, upstream and downstream integration, and realize the integrated operation of "exploration, mining, selection, smelting and processing". Encourage mining enterprises, research institutes and universities to jointly carry out cutting-edge common technology research, strive to break through core key technologies and common basic technologies, promote the diversification of industrial chains and supply chains, provide resource guarantee for the development of important emerging industries, and build an important industrial base for the development and processing of non-ferrous metal resources.

Promote the industrial upgrading of crystalline graphite base. Relying on the crystalline graphite of loess kiln in Xinghe county, we will build an industrial base for deep processing of crystalline graphite in Inner Mongolia, and realize the benefit transformation of resources through deep processing of mineral products and technological innovation. Strengthen the research and development of high-end products, cultivate graphite-graphite materials-application industrial chain, develop high-power graphite electrodes, graphite (olefin) polymer composites, graphite (olefin) carbon fibers and glass fibers, and promote large-scale production.

Section III Strengthening the Support Capacity of National Planned Mining Areas

Coordinate exploration and development, improve access threshold, optimize resource allocation, promote intensive utilization of high-quality resources, and support the construction of energy resources bases. The mining rights of minerals subject to total regulation and control and the allocation of mining indicators are given priority to the national planned mining areas. Actively strive for financial input, promote important mineral exploration, encourage social capital investment, and improve the degree of exploration and reserve level.

Section IV Strengthening the Management and Control of Mineral conservation zone

Protect large and medium-sized mineral areas that are temporarily unsuitable for development in nature reserves and ecological protection red lines. In conservation zone, the mineral resources shall be strictly protected and supervised, and a dynamic adjustment mechanism shall be established. According to the economic and social development and changes in external conditions, the mineral conservation zone shall be adjusted as a key mining area, and the autonomous region shall carry out unified planning and scientific and rational development.

Section 5 Standardize the zoning construction of key exploration and mining planning

The Beishan area, Daxing ‘anling area and the metallogenic belt on the northern margin of North China Platform are preferred, with superior metallogenic conditions and good prospecting prospects, and the deep and peripheral areas of large and medium-sized mines have resource potential, with iron, copper, nickel, gold, tungsten, molybdenum, "three rare" minerals and fluorite as the main minerals, and 15 key exploration and mining areas are designated; Three geothermal exploration and exploitation areas were delineated in Hetao area.

Key exploration and mining areas are key areas where special geological exploration funds and social funds are invested in exploration. We should actively build a geological exploration working mechanism of "foundation first, public welfare pulling, business follow-up, key research and rapid breakthrough", improve the level of geological work, explore large and medium-sized mineral areas, and achieve a major breakthrough in mineral exploration.

The key exploration and mining areas in Beishan and its surrounding areas include six key exploration and mining areas of polymetallic deposits, namely, the northern belt of Beishan in Ejina Banner, the southern belt of Beishan in Ejina Banner, Wanghu Mountain in Ejina Banner, Yagan-Zhusileng in Ejina Banner, Zhamu Aobao-Tebai in Alashan Right Banner, Tamulin in Alashan Right Banner and Wenduer Maodao in Alashan Left Banner. We will increase investment in geological exploration, focus on iron, copper, gold and other important minerals, carry out important solid mineral exploration and deep mine prospecting, and strive to find 4-6 large and medium-sized mineral sites, and the reserves of important mineral resources will increase significantly.

The key exploration and mining areas in Daxing ‘anling region include four key exploration and mining areas: the southern Chifeng gold mine in Inner Mongolia, the Balci zirconium mine in Zhalute Banner, the Bayern Daba-Harchulutu polymetallic mine in Hexigten Banner and the Hadatu-Tailaihua polymetallic mine in linxi county. Encourage the exploration of deep and peripheral minerals, find the blind by digging deep, explore the edge and find out the bottom, and submit new resource reserves.

The key exploration and mining areas in the northern margin of North China platform include Huogeqi copper mine in Urad Houqi, Inner Mongolia, Bayan Obo Fe-Nb rare earth polymetallic, Bainaimiao-Beluwutu copper polymetallic, Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta mine in Wuchuan County and Siziwangqi fluorite mine. Strengthen the exploration of important minerals such as copper, "three rare minerals" and fluorite, and promote the high-level development of resources.

Chapter IV Investigation, Evaluation and Exploration of Mineral Resources

Section 1 Promoting Basic Geological Survey and Evaluation as a Whole

1. Consolidate the foundation geological survey. Carry out 1: 50,000 regional geological survey in Beishan and other areas of Ejina Banner, 1: 100,000 aerial geophysical survey in Ordos and other important oil and gas basins and peripheral areas, and 1: 250,000 regional gravity survey in Hetao and other basins and peripheral areas to improve the degree and accuracy of basic geological work, lay a solid foundation for finding out the resource potential and serve the needs of local economic development. We will continue the exploration and zoning of 1 ︰ 100,000 groundwater resources in counties (cities, districts), select key areas to carry out 1 ︰ 50,000 hydrogeological and environmental geological surveys, delineate a number of water-rich areas, carry out water exploration in water-deficient areas, and construct a number of exploration and mining combined wells to give priority to solving the drinking water difficulties of people and animals in concentrated contiguous destitute areas. The central and local governments coordinate the investigation of deep geological structure and the study of mineralization in Beishan, Baiyunebo and the western margin of Ordos Basin in Ejina Banner, obtain deep mineralization, reservoir formation and geological information, evaluate the potential of deep energy resources, and open up deep prospecting space.

2. Actively expand the service field. Carry out eco-geological surveys in typical areas such as important ecological function areas and important mineral concentration areas, and support and serve national spatial planning and use control, ecological environment protection and restoration. Strengthen the geochemical survey of 1 ︰ 250,000 and 1 ︰ 50,000 land quality in the eastern part of the autonomous region, and basically find out the quality of cultivated land in the main grain producing areas of the autonomous region. Accelerate the completion of the investigation and evaluation of the geological safety risk of Hubao-Hubei urban agglomeration, find out the geological background and the occurrence conditions of natural resources, identify major geological problems and risks, and establish a method system for evaluating the geological safety risk of urban agglomerations; Promote the comprehensive geological survey of the "Gemini" city circle in Chitong, and find out all-factor geological indicators and parameters within the urban land space.

3. Carry out investigation and evaluation of energy and minerals. Promote the investigation and evaluation of conventional oil and gas and uranium resources in important basins, and strive to make breakthroughs. With the goal of basically finding out the geothermal resources in the whole region, we will investigate and evaluate the geothermal resources potential, scientifically promote the multi-field utilization of hydrothermal geothermal resources, promote the development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy, accelerate the establishment of a clean and low-carbon modern energy system, and help the construction of ecological civilization. In order to find out the unconventional oil and gas resources in the main basins in the region, based on new areas, new strata, new fields and new types, we will actively promote the investigation and evaluation of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, shale oil, coalbed methane, terrestrial natural gas hydrate and biogas and the optimization of favorable areas in energy bases or large coal-bearing basins, guide all kinds of social capital to participate in the development and utilization of unconventional oil and gas resources, and promote the transformation and upgrading of energy consumption and ecological environment protection in the autonomous region.

4. Strengthen the investigation and evaluation of important minerals. Focus on important mineral concentration areas and important prospecting areas, highlight the investigation of important emerging minerals and large quantities of scarce minerals, improve the resource support capacity of important minerals, and support the green and high-quality development of mining industry. Taking lithium, rubidium, beryllium, niobium, tantalum and rare earth as the main minerals, a comprehensive geological survey of 1 ︰ 25 thousand was carried out in the central part of the autonomous region, and the metallogenic regularity and selection study were carried out. Taking copper, gold, tin and other scarce minerals as the main minerals, a comprehensive geological survey of 1 ︰ 25,000 was carried out in Beishan area of Ejina Banner, and the metallogenic regularity and prospecting prediction were carried out.

5. Improve the scientific and technological innovation level of geological survey. Promote the construction of "geological cloud" sub-nodes in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, promote the sharing of geological big data, and improve the level of geological survey and decision-making support. Vigorously promote the construction of key laboratories for magmatic mineralization and prospecting in the autonomous region, actively strive for the support of the state and the autonomous region, and give full play to the innovative role of key laboratories in condensing high-end innovative talents, undertaking major innovative tasks and implementing the reform of scientific research system and mechanism.

Section II Steady Exploration of Mineral Resources

1. Direction of mineral resources exploration. Focus on the exploration of scarce minerals such as oil, rich iron ore, copper and gold, and rare and sparse minerals, and increase the deep exploration of important minerals. Strengthen the exploration of unconventional energy sources such as uranium, shale gas, coalbed methane and geothermal energy; Steadily promote coalbed methane exploration in major basins. Restricting the exploration of placer gold deposits that have caused great damage to the environment, in principle, no new exploration projects for such minerals will be established. If it is really necessary to establish new projects, it must pass the environmental impact assessment and obtain the consent of the ecological environment department. It is forbidden to explore ultra-poor magnetite.

2. Strengthen exploration of mineral resources.

Improve the level of coal resources reserves. Accelerate coal exploration in large-scale coal-forming areas, submit a batch of resource reserves for large and medium-sized mines for the construction of coal bases, improve the level of resource reserves in coal national planning mining areas in Ordos City and other regions, and enhance the ability of resource connection. For overlapping minerals in important mineral concentration areas such as Ordos Basin, we should explore the establishment of a coordination mechanism of comprehensive exploration, comprehensive research and unified deployment, encourage the exploration and mining of coal and uranium, and promote the sharing of exploration results. Strengthen the comprehensive evaluation and comprehensive exploration of resources associated with coal measures such as germanium and aluminum, and promote the high quality, optimal utilization, cascade utilization and comprehensive utilization of resources.

Increase coalbed methane exploration. Intensify the exploration of coalbed methane resources in the eastern margin of Ordos basin, Hailaer basin and Erlian basin (group), realize the breakthrough of coalbed methane, and lay the foundation for the scale development and industrialization development of coalbed methane. Gradually strengthen the exploration of coalbed methane in Helanshan coalfield, Heishan coalfield and Gaotouyao mining area in the central and western regions.

Promote the exploration of geothermal resources. Combined with the major construction projects and development plans of key industries in the autonomous region, around the overall layout of urban and rural construction in the autonomous region and the construction of key towns, new urbanization, new rural construction, cultural tourism and other scenic spots, pre-feasibility exploration is carried out in areas with geothermal resources development prospects but certain risks, such as Hubao E, so as to promote the development and utilization of geothermal energy in sedimentary basins.

Achieve a breakthrough in prospecting for non-energy minerals. Increase the investment of exploration rights in key exploration areas, improve the risk exploration market, encourage social capital to participate in mineral exploration, and shift the focus of exploration from east to west. Focus on scarce metal minerals such as iron, copper and gold, and carry out mineral exploration in the main prospecting target areas and areas with prospecting prospects in Beishan area of Ejina Banner, and make new breakthroughs in prospecting and explore new resource reserves. Focusing on the "three rare" minerals such as niobium, tantalum, rare earth and lithium rubidium, we will increase the exploration efforts in areas such as Naomagengnan in Siziwang Banner, Bayanhar Aobao in Sunite Zuoqi, Longlemaodun in Hexigten Banner, Bayanchagan in Hexigten Banner, and the fire prevention station in Oroqen Autonomous Banner. Carry out exploration of advantageous minerals such as lead, zinc, silver, fluorite and crystalline graphite, improve the level of resource reserves and maintain resource advantages.

3. Implement deep mineral exploration. Strengthen the demonstration of deep and peripheral prospecting in old mines, and actively promote the old mining areas in Beishan, Bayannaoer, Baotou, Wulanchabu, Chifeng and other areas to explore the blind and explore the bottom, so as to increase reserves and increase production. Strengthen the scientific and technological guidance of deep mineral resources exploration, promote the research and development of new methods and technologies for deep exploration, and popularize geophysical and geochemical exploration and other technical methods suitable for deep prospecting. Combined with the new discoveries of deep and peripheral prospecting in mines, the metallogenic mechanism of typical deposits is studied to guide the deep and peripheral prospecting in mines.

4. Actively promote green exploration. The concept of eco-environmental protection runs through the whole process of exploration project establishment, design, implementation, recovery and acceptance. When carrying out exploration, the four elements of "geology, economy, technology and environment" and the carrying capacity of regional resources and environment are fully considered, and eco-friendly exploration methods and means are adopted to reduce the impact and damage to the ecological environment. The project undertaker shall implement the technical requirements of green exploration, the main unit of the project shall be responsible for tracking, supervision and inspection, and the competent department of natural resources shall carry out "double random and open" quality inspection. Continue to implement green exploration demonstration projects, promote the summary of successful experiences and mature models of green exploration demonstration projects to become systems, promote the establishment of green exploration management systems and standards and norms in the new era, and better guide and promote the green exploration work in the whole region. Strengthen the comprehensive exploration and evaluation of associated minerals.

Section III Strengthening the Management of Mineral Resources Exploration

1. Strict exploration planning block setting. The autonomous region is responsible for delineating the exploration planning blocks of important minerals; Union city is responsible for the delineation of exploration planning blocks of other minerals, and shall not overlap with the exploration planning blocks delineated by the autonomous region. Exploration planning blocks must comply with national laws and regulations and relevant industrial policies, which is conducive to the overall exploration evaluation and overall development of mining areas. The area of exploration planning block shall not be less than 1 basic unit block, and 1 exploration planning block shall only have 1 exploration subject in principle.

In order to guide the rational setting of exploration rights, 403 exploration planning blocks were set up during the planning period at this level, with a planned area of 15,000 square kilometers. The exploration planning blocks are located in 46 energy resources bases, 41 national planned mining areas and 159 key exploration areas.

2. Standardize the management of exploration rights.

Standardize the setting of exploration rights. Strictly implement the "three zones and three lines" management and control requirements of land space, standardize the setting of exploration rights in accordance with the relevant requirements of the state and autonomous regions on exploration management, and put exploration rights in an orderly manner in accordance with government planning guidance, effective market demand and the progress of exploration work. The exploration right is no longer set for the geological exploration projects funded by finance, and the geological exploration work is carried out with the project task book.

Strict management of mining rights transfer. Adjust the management authority of mining right transfer registration, and the autonomous region is responsible for the transfer and registration of mining rights of other important minerals except the transfer and registration of the Ministry of Natural Resources. To promote the competitive transfer of mining rights, mining rights should be transferred through public competition by means of bidding, auction and listing, except in the case of agreement transfer stipulated by the state. The scope of transferring mining rights by agreement is strictly controlled in key construction projects approved in the State Council.

Strengthen the supervision and management of geological exploration. Constantly improve the supervision of geological exploration activities during and after the cancellation of geological exploration qualification examination and approval, increase supervision and inspection, and accept the supervision of government departments and society. Enable the "geological exploration industry supervision service platform" and organize geological exploration units to carry out information reporting and publicity. The establishment of supervision and inspection object directory database and supervision and inspection personnel directory database, in accordance with the "double random, open" way, to carry out supervision and inspection, the annual sampling ratio of not less than 5% of the total number of inspection object directory database. Strengthen the management of the abnormal list of geological exploration units and the list of serious untrustworthy subjects. In the work of arranging financially funded projects and awarding honorary awards, the inclusion in the abnormal list shall be restricted, and those included in the list of serious untrustworthy subjects shall be banned according to law. The departments in charge of natural resources of Union City and counties (cities, districts) intensify the supervision of mineral resources exploration and exploitation, manage the reserves of mineral resources within their respective administrative areas, supervise and manage the geological environment of mines, and impose administrative penalties on illegal exploration and exploitation according to laws and regulations.

Improve the withdrawal mechanism of exploration rights. If the prospecting right owner fails to apply for renewal of registration before the expiration of the validity period of the exploration license, the competent department of natural resources responsible for the registration of transfer shall be included in the list of mining rights that have been abolished by himself, and make an announcement to the public. Before the end of December each year, the competent department of natural resources responsible for the transfer registration completes the confirmation of the effective mining rights approved and registered at the same level through the unified numbering system of mining rights, and makes it public on the website of the natural resources department, so as to realize the normal management of the basic information announcement of the effective mining rights registered and issued. If the remaining validity period of the exploration license is less than 3 months, the mining right registration authority may scroll to remind it on the portal website of the corresponding or higher authorities.

Strengthen the management of mineral resources reserves. Conduct a survey of the national conditions of mineral resources, comprehensively clean up and reconstruct the database of mineral resources reserves, and lay a solid foundation for management. Improve the relevant system of mineral resources reserves evaluation and filing, further simplify the procedures of evaluation and filing, improve efficiency and control quality. Strengthen the guidance and quality control of the evaluation and filing of mineral resources reserves in Union City, strengthen the statistical monitoring of reserves, and comprehensively improve the statistical quality of reserves.

Chapter V Protection, Development and Utilization of Mineral Resources

The first section continues to carry out differentiated management and control of mineral resources

1. Mining direction of mineral resources.

Focus on mining coal, petroleum, natural gas, uranium, geothermal, iron-rich, copper, nickel, chromium, manganese, gold and high-quality and efficient non-metallic minerals, and appropriately expand the development scale and improve the resource supply capacity under the conditions of access; Accelerate the integrated development and utilization of coal and coalbed methane.

Restrict the exploitation of wetland peat and heavy sand minerals such as placer gold and placer iron. The total amount of rare earth and tungsten minerals is regulated and controlled, and production is carried out according to the total amount control index issued by the state.

It is forbidden to mine ultra-poor magnetite, crocidolite, clay for brick and tile of arable land and other minerals that have a great impact on the ecological environment. No new mercury mines will be built, and it is forbidden to mine coal projects with toxic and harmful substances such as arsenic and radioactivity exceeding the prescribed standards.

2. Strengthen differentiated control of minerals.

Promote the green development of coal. Focus on the construction of important energy resource bases, give full play to the important role of coal supply bases, optimize and improve the coal production capacity of Ordos City, build a number of modern large-scale coal mines in Ordos City, with the production capacity of 1.2 million tons/year and above accounting for 92%, actively promote the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources with overlapping minerals in Ordos City, realize the co-exploitation of coal, natural gas and other resources, and carry out the cooperative development of "integration of coal mining and gas production"; Stabilize coal production capacity in Hulunbeier City, Tongliao City, Chifeng City and Xilin Gol League; Protect the exploitation of rare coal such as coking coal in Wuhai City and Alashan League, promote the integration of coal resources in Wuhai and surrounding areas, optimize the mining layout and develop scientifically and rationally.

Strengthen the development and utilization of geothermal energy. Actively promote the development of geothermal resources in Hohhot, Baotou and Ordos, and expand the scale of geothermal resources utilization. Scientific development and efficient utilization of geothermal resources, the development of geothermal energy development with health care, bathing, holiday tourism and heating as the main service direction. Accelerate the construction of shallow geothermal energy heating/cooling system in the whole region, and guide the use of shallow geothermal energy in the heating/cooling field to replace the popularization from the central city of League City to Chengguan Town of Qixian County and key Sumu towns through policy incentives, exploration guidance and demonstration, thus forming a development pattern of "multi-point flowering, coordinated development from point to area" in the whole region.

Stabilize the supply of metal minerals. Tungsten and rare earth are produced in strict accordance with the total mining control index issued by the state, and excessive mining is strictly prohibited. Encourage tungsten mine production enterprises to increase scientific research, improve technology and equipment, and control the quota ratio of primary products. Strengthen the demonstration of environmental access for new mines of lead, zinc, molybdenum and other minerals, and strictly enter the threshold. In principle, no new small and below mines will be built. Stabilize the supply capacity of iron and manganese minerals and accelerate the formation of a supply pattern with resource bases and state-planned mining areas as the core and large and medium-sized mines as the main body. Appropriately expand the scale of copper mine development and build a copper industrial cluster based on the copper polymetallic resource base. Improve the development level of precious metal minerals, focus on Baotou City, Chifeng City, Wulanchabu City and other areas, stabilize the supply of gold resources, form a number of large-scale gold enterprise groups with core competitiveness, promote the application of low-cyanide, cyanide-free gold extraction technology, and improve the comprehensive utilization level of waste rocks and tailings.

Improve the development level of nonmetallic minerals. Relying on the graphite resource base and the national planned mining area, we will encourage the development of graphite deep processing industry in resource-rich areas and industrial advantage areas, and cultivate resource advantages to high-end new energy, biomedicine, environmental protection materials and other industries. Focus on the fluorite resources in Siziwangqi area, promote the development of large-scale industrialization, and the minimum mining scale of new fluorite mines is medium and above.

Strengthen the management of sand and gravel mines for ordinary buildings. On the basis of in-depth investigation, Union City should define the centralized mining area of sandstone and soil minerals according to the regional demand, environmental carrying capacity, comprehensive development and utilization of resources and other factors, and clarify the access requirements such as the total number of mining rights, the total amount of mining, the minimum mining scale and ecological protection and restoration measures in the mining area, and guide centralized mining, large-scale mining and green mining. For Union City and Qixian County (which cannot define the centralized mining area and need to arrange sandstone and soil minerals) Explore and carry out the "clean ore" transfer of sand and gravel soil for ordinary buildings.

Section 2 Gradually improve the structure of mineral resources development and utilization

1. Increase the minimum mining scale. The scale of mine construction should be adapted to the scale of deposit reserves, so as to prevent large mines from opening small and one mine from opening more. Improve the minimum mining scale of newly-built mines, and strictly enforce the access standards for newly-built and expanded coal mines. In principle, the production capacity of newly-built underground coal mines is not less than 3 million tons/year, and the production capacity of newly-built and expanded coal mines is not less than 1.2 million tons/year. In principle, no new copper mines with an annual output of less than 300,000 tons will be built, no new open-pit mining and dressing projects with a daily processing capacity of less than 300 tons of rock gold ore and no new underground mining and dressing projects with a daily processing capacity of less than 100 tons will be built, and no new small and below mines will be built in principle except coalbed methane, iron-rich, gold, geothermal and mineral water.

2. Optimize the mine scale structure. Control the number of mines, strengthen the integration of mineral resources, shut down mines with backward technology, serious waste of resources and environmental pollution, and poor conditions for safe production. By the end of 2025, the number of mines in the autonomous region will be controlled within 2,900.

Union city to determine the number of mining rights and the total amount of mining for ordinary building sand and gravel soil mines, the counties (cities, districts) under the jurisdiction of the index decomposition, mining rights shall not exceed the planned control number. Efforts will be made to improve the scale and level of development of sand-gravel soil for ordinary buildings, and the number of sand-gravel soil mines for ordinary buildings will be reduced through resource integration, elimination of backward mines and retreat of "zombie" mines; By increasing the access scale of new mines, the number of new mines will be strictly controlled.

Section III Comprehensively Improve the Utilization Efficiency of Mineral Resources

1. Improve the level of conservation and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. Strictly implement the Catalogue of Advanced and Applicable Technologies for Saving and Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources, encourage the implementation of comprehensive exploration and development, and promote intensive development. Improve the recovery rate of coal resources and encourage coal mining enterprises to recover leftover coal and non-permanent protective coal pillars. Strengthen the comprehensive recovery and utilization of rare earth, iron, niobium, scandium and fluorite in Baiyun Obo. Implement the extended producer responsibility system, carry out the pilot project of reverse recycling network system construction, encourage enterprises to use the market mode to build a demonstration project of recycling system for renewable resources of scrap steel, copper, aluminum and rare metals, and cultivate a new development model of recycling economy in internet plus.

2. Promote clean and efficient use of coal. Promote clean production of coal, develop clean and efficient coal-fired power in an orderly manner, and ensure the coal supply of Kengkou Power Station Group, the three major coal-fired power bases in Hulunbeier City, Xilin Gol League and Ordos City, and the supporting coal-fired power supply points of UHV export power channels, and ensure the coal supply of modern coal chemical projects. With Shendong coal base as the core, we will expand the industrial clusters of modern coal chemical industry, coal coking, chlor-alkali chemical industry and equipment manufacturing, and strengthen the vertical and horizontal extension of the industrial chain of circular economy. Promote the graded and graded utilization of coal, and recycle solid wastes such as coal gangue, washed coal and slime. Actively promote the comprehensive utilization of fly ash in building materials and soil improvement, and carry out industrial demonstration of hydrogen production and pyrolysis comprehensive utilization of lignite and low-rank coal. Comprehensive development and utilization of coal associated resources, protective development of aluminum-rich coal in Zhungeer mining area, and promotion of demonstration project of extracting alumina from fly ash. Actively expand the coal mine gas utilization mode, greatly improve the gas utilization rate.

3. Focus on strengthening the development and utilization of important minerals. Encourage metal minerals to introduce domestic high-end enterprises integrating mining, dressing, smelting and processing, promote the deep integration of Industry-University-Research in the mining field, and support enterprises to take the lead in setting up innovative consortia. Intensify the application research of rare earth elements, efficiently and green develop rare earth resources in Baiyun Obo, improve the mining recovery rate, mineral processing recovery rate and comprehensive utilization rate, promote the efficient separation and extraction of rare earth, iron, niobium, scandium and other associated resources, and build a whole industrial chain of exploration, development, utilization and recovery. Relying on gold, lead, zinc and other resources, taking the metal resource base as the core, we will build a non-ferrous metal integration platform with leading enterprises as the main body, actively introduce downstream device and complete machine manufacturing enterprises with non-ferrous metals as raw and auxiliary materials, and promote the deep integration and development of green energy industry and non-ferrous metal industry. Guide the advantages of non-metallic resources such as crystalline graphite and fluorite to develop into high-tech industries, develop high value-added products, vigorously extend the industrial chain, expand industrial relevance, develop in the form of industrial clusters, and strive to form new economic growth points in the autonomous region.

4. Improve the management system of resource conservation and comprehensive utilization. Strict management of mining recovery rate, mining dilution rate and mineral processing recovery rate, which fails to meet the requirements of the approved mine design or development and utilization plan, resulting in the destruction of resources, shall be rectified within a time limit and fined, and if the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to stop production for rectification or revoke the mining license. To strengthen the utilization of associated minerals with industrial value, comprehensive recovery must be carried out under the conditions of technical feasibility and economic rationality; Effective protection measures should be taken for minerals that cannot be comprehensively recycled for the time being. Explore incentive policies to support mining enterprises to adopt advanced technologies, increase financial support for the research of low-grade and refractory mineral processing and smelting technologies, and tilt the allocation of resources to key enterprises with advanced levels of conservation and comprehensive utilization.

Section IV Strengthening the Management of Mineral Resources Development

1. Strict mining planning block setting. The autonomous region demarcates the mining planning blocks of important minerals; Union city is responsible for delineating the mining planning blocks of other minerals, and shall not overlap with the mining planning blocks delineated by the autonomous region. The setting of mining planning blocks should be conducive to the overall development, meet the requirements of planning and zoning management, and be consistent with the direction of mineral resources exploitation. In principle, only one mining subject is set in one mining planning block. The exploration degree of mineral resources reserves based on large-scale non-coal mines and large and medium-sized coal mines should reach the exploration degree, and other mines should reach the detailed investigation and above. Sandstone and soil minerals for ordinary buildings can be directly transferred to mining rights when they reach the level of general survey and above.

During the planning period, it is planned to set up 694 mining planning blocks with a planned area of 10,000 square kilometers, including 118 energy minerals (all coal), 532 metal minerals and 44 non-metal minerals.

2. Standardize the management of mining rights.

Standardize the order of mineral resources development. Strictly implement the Mineral Resources Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Measures for the Administration of Mineral Resources Mining Registration and the relevant regulations of the state and autonomous regions on the administration of the transfer of mining rights, manage according to law, standardize mineral resources development activities, establish and maintain a good order of mineral resources development, resolutely investigate and deal with illegal activities such as unlicensed mining, cross-border mining and mining instead of exploration according to laws and regulations, and realize rational development and sustainable utilization of mineral resources. Exploration and conversion should be managed in accordance with the relevant provisions on the registration of mining rights. The exploration degree of mineral resources reserves based on large-scale non-coal mines and large and medium-sized coal mines should reach the level of exploration, and other mines should reach the level of detailed investigation and above.

Strengthen the supervision and management of mineral resources development. We will fully implement the information publicity system for exploration and mining of mining rights holders, and in accordance with the requirements of "double randomness and one publicity", spot check the annual information of exploration and mining announced by mining rights holders at a ratio of not less than 5% of the existing mining rights, strengthen the management of abnormal lists and serious illegal lists of mining rights holders, promote the joint punishment of illegal and untrustworthy enterprises, and guide the formation of a social co-governance pattern of self-discipline, industry self-discipline, social supervision and government supervision. Improve the supervision system of mineral resources development and utilization, strengthen the supervision of all aspects of mineral resources development, strengthen the review of mineral resources development and utilization plan before mine construction, the supervision of development and utilization during mine mining and the management of mine geological environment, improve the weak links of mine pit closure management, carry out the informatization construction of mineral resources supervision, and realize the informatization supervision of exploration, development and pit closure.

Improve the withdrawal mechanism of mining rights. The registration authority shall promptly clean up the expired mining rights, and if the mining license fails to apply for renewal of registration as required before the expiration of the validity period, the competent department of natural resources responsible for the transfer registration shall be included in the list of mining rights that have been abolished by itself and announced to the public. Before the end of December each year, the competent department of natural resources responsible for the transfer registration completes the confirmation of effective mining rights approved and registered at the same level through the unified numbering system of mining rights, and makes it public on the website of the Ministry of Natural Resources, so as to realize the normal management of the basic information announcement of effective mining rights registered and issued.

Chapter VI Green Development of Mining Industry

The first section comprehensively promotes the construction of green mines

1. Standardize the construction of green mines. Construct a new mechanism of green mine construction with "government guidance, enterprises as the main body, standards guidance, policy support, strengthening supervision, fulfilling responsibilities and stimulating vitality". Further improve the standard system of green mine construction in line with the actual situation of the autonomous region, run the concept of green development through the whole process of mineral resources development, carry out green mine construction actions, and implement the third-party evaluation system and the green mine list management system.

New mines should all meet the standards of green mine construction; Production mines should speed up the transformation and upgrading in accordance with the green mine construction standards, and reach the green mine construction standards within a time limit.

According to the present situation of mine environment and the principle of "whoever destroys it will reclaim it", each league city implements the main body responsible for mine environmental management and green mine construction, formulates annual promotion plans, and comprehensively promotes the green mine construction of production mines. The competent departments of natural resources at all levels shall, jointly with the relevant departments, supervise and inspect the mines listed in the green mine list in a "double random and open" way.

2. Increase policy support. The implementation of mineral resources support policy, the implementation of total regulation of mineral mining indicators, mining rights, in line with industrial policies and mine development planning, priority to green mines. Guarantee the land for green mine construction, include the land needed for green mine construction in the list of key projects, and give priority to ensuring the reasonable demand for new construction land for new construction, renovation and expansion of green mines in the annual land use plan. Support the reclamation of green mining enterprises and revitalize the stock of industrial and mining land. Increase fiscal and taxation policy support.

In the second quarter, efforts were made to strengthen the management of mine geological environment

1. Accelerate the governance of mine geological environment in the Yellow River Basin. In accordance with the general idea of "leading by Union City and implementing by counties", comprehensively investigate the present situation of mine geological environment in the Yellow River Basin. If there are any production mines that should be treated or the treatment is not up to standard, mining enterprises should be ordered to carry out mine geological environment treatment and restoration, so as to cure them. For the areas left over from history and abandoned without owners, the cities and counties (cities, districts) along the Yellow River should increase financial investment, actively introduce social capital investment, strive for key ecological protection and restoration funds in the Yellow River Basin through multiple channels, fully implement the comprehensive renovation project of abandoned mines in the Yellow River Basin, and strive to completely solve the geological environment problems of abandoned mines in the basin by the end of 2025. The establishment of mine geological environment management work ledger, clear the progress of the implementation of the governance, adjust measures to local conditions, and steadily advance. Focus on strengthening the mine geological environment management of Wuhai-Qipanjing coal mine, limestone mine, metal mine on the north bank of the Yellow River, Dongsheng coal mine on the south bank of the Yellow River and Zhungeer coal mine at the exit of the Yellow River.

2. Grasp the comprehensive management of mine geological environment in Wuhai and surrounding areas. Strengthen the effectiveness of mine geological environment management in Wuhai and surrounding areas, improve the level of green mine construction, reverse the deterioration trend of ecological environment, and help improve the ecological function of the Yellow River Basin. Taking the withdrawal and integration of mining rights as an opportunity, we will optimize the mine layout, realize centralized and contiguous comprehensive management, innovate the management technology and mode, comprehensively improve the management level of open pit and dump, eliminate hidden dangers, reshape the landform and landscape, and restore vegetation by means of natural restoration and artificial restoration, thus forming a new look of "coordinated, unified and orderly" mining area.

3. Strengthen the effectiveness of geological environment management in newly built, produced and closed mines. Compacting corporate governance responsibility, adhering to the principle of paying equal attention to the development and utilization of mineral resources and mine environmental protection for newly built, renovated and expanded mines, implementing strict mine environmental access system, and making plans for mine geological environmental protection and land reclamation, and reporting them to the competent department of natural resources for review, publicity and filing; Production mines should fully fulfill the obligations of mine geological environment protection, restoration and management and mine land reclamation, strengthen mine geological environment monitoring, make provision for mine geological environment restoration fund, and effectively improve the effectiveness of mine geological environment management in accordance with the mine geological environment protection and land reclamation plan and the annual management plan "mining while managing, managing while treating"; Before the mine is closed, it is necessary to complete the mine geological environment management work within the specified time, and carry out the pit closure acceptance according to relevant regulations.

Chapter VII Planning Implementation and Management

Section 1 Strengthening organizational leadership

Under the unified deployment of the people’s government of the autonomous region, all localities and departments should earnestly strengthen the organization and leadership of the implementation of the Plan, establish a strict responsibility system, strengthen the information management of the Plan, and formulate supporting policies and measures to ensure that all tasks of the Plan are implemented. The relevant departments of the autonomous region shall, in accordance with their respective functions, strengthen coordination and cooperation, do a good job in policy convergence, and work together to promote the implementation of the Plan.

Section II Strengthening the Role of Planning Control

Improve the management system of mineral resources planning and implementation, and strengthen the rigid constraint of planning in mineral resources exploration, development and protection management. Union City, counties (cities, districts) should implement the objectives and tasks of the Plan step by step, and the mineral resources planning at all levels should be adjusted once a year in principle after being released by the people’s government at the same level; New development projects belong to the major projects approved by the state and the autonomous region, and it is really necessary to adjust the planning, which shall not exceed 2 times in 1 year. People’s governments at all levels should improve the collective decision-making mechanism and scientifically decide on major issues in the exploration and development of mineral resources and ecological restoration of mining areas based on mineral resources planning. If it does not conform to the mineral resources planning after examination, the registration authority shall not issue exploration licenses and mining licenses.

Section 3 Strict Target Responsibility Assessment and Approval System

The administrative departments of natural resources should strengthen their sense of responsibility, establish an assessment system for planning management responsibility, and divide their responsibilities with relevant departments according to their respective responsibilities, and do a good job in planning implementation. Improve the planning review and approval system, review the planning in accordance with the relevant provisions of the planning implementation measures, organize relevant experts to demonstrate, solicit opinions from relevant departments, and constantly revise, supplement and improve. Once the plan is approved, it must be strictly implemented. Those who do not meet the planning access conditions will not pass the planning review.

Section IV Strengthening the Evaluation, Supervision and Inspection of Planning Implementation

Establish and improve the evaluation system of planning implementation, and carry out annual monitoring, mid-term evaluation and final summary of planning. Planning evaluation mainly includes the progress and effectiveness of planning implementation, the implementation of various tasks, the completion of indicators, the implementation of various policies and measures, etc., analyzes the problems, reasons and situations existing in planning implementation, and puts forward opinions and suggestions on planning revision and adjustment. Construction of autonomous regions, Union cities, counties (cities, districts) and administrative departments of vertical supervision, horizontal supervision of relevant departments and social public supervision of the three aspects of planning implementation supervision system.

Section 5 Improving the Informatization Level of Planning Management

In the process of planning, it is necessary to carry out the construction of mineral resources planning database at the same time, establish a unified planning database in the whole region, incorporate it into the unified national management system for mineral resources planning, and integrate it into the "one map" management of land and space planning to provide data support for the management of mineral resources planning results, planning review and auxiliary decision-making. The implementation of dynamic updating of planning database, the adjustment of planning database should be closely combined with the monitoring and evaluation of planning implementation, and centralized dynamic adjustment should be implemented. In principle, it should be adjusted and improved once a year.

1905 movie network news On November 5th, musician LAY returned to his hometown of Changsha with his second solo album "SHEEP" to hold a signing ceremony. Zhang musician, who has always been warm-hearted to fans, personally made the famous chili fried meat in his hometown and brought it to the signing party for fans to taste. He also compiled the fans’ messages into lyrics, improvised music and played songs on the spot, and inadvertently showed his musical talent while using music.

　

As LAY’s second solo record, SHEEP has refreshed many music lists at home and abroad since its release, and achieved impressive results. This time, Zhang musician returned to his hometown of Changsha with his new album "SHEEP", held the signing ceremony at his doorstep, and brought the honor of "SHEEP" back to Changsha. At the event site, LAY arranged special benefits for the fans, personally cooked and made the famous Changsha dish Chili Fried Meat, and passed on his full heart to each other through delicious food. Not only that, Zhang musician also compiled the messages of fans on the message board into lyrics, improvised music and sang on the spot, and expressed his gratitude to fans in the form of music.

　

In view of the fact that LAY wrote the fans’ names XBACK on their hands and necks in the first two signing activities, where the musicians will write XBACK this time has become a hot topic among fans. At the beginning of the activity, the host also asked out of curiosity. LAY bluntly said, "In my heart", and the fans collectively cheered sweetly: It’s amazing. Finally, the whole activity was carried out in a pleasant atmosphere.

Past, present, future,

Everyone can only walk with you for a while,

Sooner or later, it will be separated.

pass

　 　 Special feature of 1905 film network In Fenyang County, Shanxi Province in 1999, Shen Tao, a sunny girl, was sweating heartily in a disco, surrounded by two boys who also liked her: Max Zhang Sheng and Liang Jianjun.

　 　 But the identities of two people are very different, one is a miner and the other is a coal mine owner.

　 　 This love triangle between a woman and a man turned the two brothers against each other, and Shen Tao was entangled, and the long-term balance would eventually be broken.

　 　 In the end, Shen Tao chose Zhang Jinsheng, who was chasing money. When she got married, someone chose a distant place.

The background of two people’s wedding photos has become a prediction of Zhang Jinsheng’s future.

　 　 In the past timeline, director Jia Zhangke showed his love view:

at present

　 　 In 2014, Zhang Jinsheng, divorced from Shen Tao, was welcomed in Shanghai. He remarried with his son Dollar and started a new life in Shanghai.

　 　 Liang Jianjun, who had been working in a coal mine for a long time and was terminally ill, returned to his hometown with his wife and children at the last moment. In desperation, he found Shen Tao to borrow money for treatment.

　 　 Middle-aged people are involuntarily standing on the boundary of where will you go. Shen Tao’s father sat quietly at the railway station and went away alone, and he was turned over by all the monks.

　 　 Dollar returned to Fenyang to attend the funeral, taking him back to the last place where Grandpa sat and feeling home and affection, life and death.

　 　 However, the son of westernization education has changed greatly since childhood, and the mother and son meet and don’t know each other. Shen Tao also knew that he couldn’t stay with him, just gave him the key to the house.

"The big one is the gate, and the small one is the living room. This is your home. You should have a bunch of keys and come back at any time. "

　 　In the current timeline, director Jia Zhangke showed his view of family:

　

future

　 　 In Australia in 2025, Dollar, who can only speak English, has grown up, but he is separated from his father, Max Zhang. He is eager to get out of his father’s control and get "freedom" without even knowing what it means.

　 　 At that time, Chinese had become a world language. Dollar came to study in Chinese school and met Mia, a Chinese teacher played by Zhang Aijia.

　 　 After the divorce of Mia and her ex-husband, she was also in an unstable state, which happened to connect with Dollar, who entered the rebellious period and wanted to pursue freedom, and they had an unforgettable love.

　 　 Dollar, who lacked maternal love since childhood, finally found the essence of love in older Mia.

　 　 In the future timeline, director Jia Zhangke showed his world outlook:

　 　 From the CD trial in Fenyang, Shanxi Province in 1999, to the iPad that mother and son listened to on the train in 2014, and then to the vinyl record that Mia played for Dollar in 2025, Sally Yeh’s "Treasure" strung together the emotional sustenance and family clues of the characters in the film. In the lyrics, "I can’t bear to lose you, I hope things will always turn around, shake hands and wave goodbye, and I will wait for you all my life in both places." No matter the separation of Shen Tao and his son, or the gathering and parting of roles, it has hit home.

　 　 Dollar has been hanging the key given to him by his mother, but he can’t remember his mother’s name, only remembering that her name is Tao, which means wave.

　 　 When Dollar gently called out his mother’s name "Tao" in the midsummer on the other side of the ocean, Shen Tao stopped Bao jiaozi’s hand as if telepathically in his hometown of Fenyang, Shanxi.

　 　 Old, she slowly walked out of the empty room, and in the snowy winter, she danced "Go West" alone beside Wenfeng Tower, which she danced with Zhang Jinsheng and Liang Jianjun when she was young.

　 　 Where will the love between the lost Dollar and Mia go? Will Dollar go home to find his mother who has been waiting for him for the New Year? What will happen to his father-son relationship with Zhang Jinsheng? … …

　 　 The director didn’t give an answer, just as Shen Tao asked the question at the beginning of the film:

What is the problem between us?

Algebraic problems?

Or geometry?

　 　 From the algebraic problem of time flying, to the geometric problem of spatial distance, people come and go, people go and people return, and everything has no answer.

　 　 The mountains and rivers are as old as before, and the river flows east. The mountains and rivers remain the same, so it is difficult for old friends to stay.

　 　 As Zhang Yibai said, everyone has their own mountains may depart, and only Jia Zhangke photographed them.

Tom Standich, a famous writer, said: "Food plays a catalytic role in the transformation process of social transformation, social organization, geopolitical competition, industrial development, military conflict and economic expansion." Focusing this angle from human society to individuals often leads to unexpected gains. In this paper, we choose ernesto guevara, a world-famous red idol, to explore how he walked through his short but dazzling life step by step along "America on the tip of his tongue".

The young master in yerba mate manor

The birth of Ernesto Guevara is closely related to Argentine national drink-yerba mate. On the South American continent, yerba mate has the reputation of "Argentine national treasure". Its charm comes from the yerba mate tree, which is also the Paraguayan holly. Argentines often take off its leaves, put it in a small gourd and soak it in boiling water of about 90 degrees, and then suck it with a straw. This is a drink that Argentines like both rich and poor, and it is even known as "green gold".

Yerba mate tree, which brought great wealth to Guevara’s family.

Like Messi, a modern football star, Guevara was born in Rosario, Argentina, because his father Guevara Lynch wanted to buy a wind mill for his family’s yerba mate estate in this city. Guevara’s parents came from the upper class in Argentina. With the dowry of his mother Cecilia, Guevara’s father bought 200 hectares of yerba mate Manor back and forth, which brought endless wealth to the family.

Like all local tyrants and billionaires, Guevara’s father carefully designed his own manor, but the Guevara family did not live in this manor. This is because Guevara suffered from asthma when he was a teenager, and the whole family had to move to the Argentine resort of Alta gracia. Although far away from yerba mate Manor, Guevara’s hobby for yerba mate was formed in his childhood and became his lifelong hobby.

Guevara personally demonstrated the yerba mate drinking method, and the gourd is an essential object for drinking yerba mate.

Guevara’s star hometown will show you.

For many years, yerba mate has been the favorite drink of Argentine upper class, with a set of drinking manners and ways. Yerba mate, which Guevara loved since childhood, is commonly known as sweet yerba mate. The specific modulation method is to add sugar, honey, oranges and other fruits when drinking yerba mate. The production process is quite elegant and the price is relatively expensive. As an adult, Guevara traveled in northern Argentina in 1951. He found that the local Indians drank ordinary pure yerba mate, that is, the cheapest bitter yerba mate without any seasoning. In this way, the class differences were presented to Guevara through yerba mate.

Political Enlightenment of Banana Republic

On December 29th, 1951, Guevara and his boyhood partner Alberto rode a Norton500 motorcycle and started their trip to Latin America with yerba mate. This trip made Guevara lose his first love, Chichina, and made him completely draw a line with his original class. During his travels in Argentina, Guevara used his personal charm to deal with all kinds of people, and made a trip to Argentina on the tip of his tongue in various ways. Before he left the motherland, his greatest achievement was probably that he learned to cook the famous Argentine barbecue. When he was short of money, Guevara had to help the barbecue chef in exchange for three meals a day. After eating the barbecue, Guevara also "took away" several bottles of Argentine wine by dancing. In Argentina, Guevara is charming, almost like Beckham in the tramp. People enthusiastically help him and laugh at his stealing wine.

Argentine barbecue is Guevara’s specialty, and China people will not be unfamiliar with all kinds of Latin barbecue.

During his wandering journey, Guevara became more and more sympathetic to the people at the bottom-especially in Peru. Because of his asthma, Guevara didn’t eat freshwater fish. However, when wandering in the Amazon valley of Peru, he ate a lot of river fish to maintain his physical strength, so he became seriously ill and had to stay in the Sao Paulo Leprosy Hospital in Iquitos for a while. There, he took care of a large number of leprosy patients and learned that lack of food is one of the main reasons for the prevalence of leprosy in the local area. Because most of Peru’s land is in the hands of landlords, the food problem in Peru is very serious, and the local civilians lack food and are forced to feed on unclean wild animals such as armadillos, which has caused physical disorders. This made Guevara realize that poverty and injustice can cause diseases more.

On June 14th, 1952, all the patients and doctors in the leprosy hospital held a 24th birthday party for Guevara, and presented him with Pisco, a specialty of Peru. This is a distilled wine, which is the national wine of Peru. Different from brandy, the brewing of Pisco wine needs one more process of grape peeling, and it depends entirely on grape juice fermentation. Pisco can be drunk alone or mixed with cola, cocoa and other drinks. Guevara thinks this kind of wine tastes similar to gin. With the strength of Pisco, Guevara expressed his political ideal for the first time, that is, to change the political structure of the American continent and realize the ideals of Bolí var and San Martin!

Perhaps Guevara got inspiration from the famous Pisco wine.

It is a common thing to sleep in the wind during the trip. Guevara walked a lot and tasted the food of the bottom people in South America. In Guayaquil, Ecuador, he had to live on bananas every day. Banana, a fruit in Chinese’s eyes, is the staple food of many civilians in Central American countries, and it is also the main commodity of United Fruit Company of the United States. This multinational company regards Central American countries as its own banana garden, occupies more than 3 million acres of land in Central America, has judicial power in its own banana garden, and is willing to wage war in order to keep its privileges. From the end of 1953 to the summer of 1954, Guevara wandered to Guatemala, the "Banana Republic", witnessing the changes brought by the land reform and the crazy revenge of American capital. Changing Latin American countries’ dependence on American capital and joining the Latin American revolution became Guevara’s main idea after his second trip to Latin America.

Bananas, as a specialty of South America, influenced Guevara’s revolutionary road to some extent.

Weicastro barbecue

During his travels in Latin America, Guevara made contact with leftists in Latin American countries and met Cuban revolutionaries. In Mexico, he and Castro had a historic meeting. Castro also attended Guevara’s first wedding. On August 18th, 1955, in a suburb 40km away from Mexico City, Guevara and Hilda formally married, and Castro became the most distinguished guest. After the wedding ceremony, Guevara showed off his cooking skills and made a barbecue with Argentine flavor to entertain Castro. Castro, who has always been competitive, commented: "It tastes good, but my craft should be better than him."

Castro and Guevara (left)

On Christmas Day in 1955, Castro invited Guevara to spend Christmas with him. Hilda wrote down the menu of this meal: roast pork, Cuban traditional black bean rice (rice made of black beans, peppers, onions, bacon, olive oil, etc.), traditional nut candy, apples, grapes, and even a bottle of wine. This is already a very rich meal for Castro, who has always been indifferent to eating, drinking and ostentation. You know, after Castro became a Cuban leader, the wedding banquet for his daughter was also the same standard.

Cuban black bean rice is deeply loved by revolutionaries and has also appeared in for whom the bell tolls.

"Bei Ye" in the revolutionary ranks

On November 25th, 1956, the Cuban Revolution began in the port of Tucson, Mexico. At two o’clock in the morning, 82 soldiers, including Guevara and Castro, boarded the yacht Granma with weapons and started their voyage to Cuba. This epic expedition was a logistical disaster. Because of the Oolong incident, the revolutionaries threw away a lot of supplies shortly after boarding the ship. According to the memory of participant Casli Garcí a, during the first three days on the ship, everyone was only given half a can of condensed milk; On the fourth day, the food became a piece of cheese and a few sausages for everyone; On the fifth day, the food became some rotten oranges … As for the food for the last three days, all the insurgents could only overcome their desire for the only food with perseverance.

On December 2, the revolutionaries landed in Cuba, and were besieged by government forces, so they had to disperse to Maestra Mountain. On the March, Guevara changed from "Beckham" to "Bei Ye". You know, the most luxurious dinner for revolutionaries at that time was crabs on the beach. Because there was no fire, everyone had to eat crabs alive. Apart from raw crabs, grass roots, raw corn and any kind of wild plants they know are spared. Although these "foods" are temporarily used to satisfy the stomach, water has become the biggest problem. Revolutionaries desperately searched for any plants that could get water, while Guevara came up with a new idea to draw water from rocks with his own asthma equipment.

In the Cuban revolutionary war, Guevara shared the same food with the soldiers. He took the lead in establishing a bread mill, confiscating the landlord’s cattle to improve the food for the soldiers. Thanks to Cuba’s natural conditions, Guevara also fell in love with mellow Cuban cigars, and smoking a cigar between battles became the best way for him to relax. It should be noted that the producer of these cigars is a cigar factory built by the revolutionary team itself, which is not a luxury in Cuba.

Cuban cigar

After the victory of the Cuban revolution, Guevara was keen to export the revolution all over the world. In his guerrilla works, canned food has become the most critical guerrilla food. This understanding comes from the experience of South America, that is, Guevara himself, and it is not operable in other parts of the world. Unlike guerrilla warfare in China, Guevara’s guerrilla warfare did not agree with the organization of agricultural production, so it failed in aiding Congo.

Canned food was Guevara’s ideal guerrilla ration, but it was unrealistic for the Third World in those days.

Then, Guevara made his last adventure in Bolivia, which completely turned him into Baye in guerrilla warfare. In the mountains of Bolivia, Guevara and his team lived by canning and hunting. Guevara’s team of 20 or 30 people includes five members of the Cuban Central Committee. They and Guevara went to strange Bolivia for revolution out of their ideals. Under the enemy’s encirclement and suppression, these revolutionaries also fell into a long quarrel because of the food problem. They often fought to win a little poor food that seems to be scarce today. Because there was no supply in the battle, the guerrillas, like Mr. Bei, ate whatever they caught on the road. They ate peacocks, poisonous snakes, monkeys, foxes and all kinds of birds. Because of hunger, many people’s limbs are swollen and they can’t even put on their shoes. Everyone, including Guevara, is dying.

On January 23, 1967, Guevara wrote in his diary: "For me, today is a black day. I spent it with my teeth clenched because I felt very tired. When I climbed to the top of the mountain, my head was dizzy. " Without food, Guevara and his team members can only catch some prey and eat it alive. On May 13th, they found some pork and braised bamboo shoots in a farmer’s house, and they were overjoyed. Unexpectedly, after a few months of hard life, the guerrillas’ stomachs and intestines have been unable to digest the normal food of ordinary people-after eating this meal, everyone is vomiting and diarrhea, which is miserable. In this miserable environment, Guevara and his team members fought hard for half a year.

Today, Bei Ye’s works are to show us survival skills, but Guevara and his party have to bear hundreds of times of enemy siege, not only to replenish energy like Bei Ye, but also to fight nonstop and struggle between life and death!

Guevara ushered in the curtain call of life in hunger and cold.

Finally, on October 7, 1967, Guevara was surrounded by Bolivian troops. Because there was no normal food supplement for a long time, Guevara not only had a relapse of asthma, but also contracted dysentery. On October 8, Guevara was unfortunately captured in the battle and died heroically in front of the enemy’s gun the next day.

Looking back on his 39-year life, Guevara’s road to the tip of the tongue is also an important part of his life journey. From the idol of the heartthrob "Beckham" to the top "Baye" in the food chain, Guevara showed us a unique "America on the tip of the tongue" and also completed the sublimation from a rich boy to a revolutionary.

This article was originally published on the WeChat WeChat official account "WarriorSalon" (micro-signal: Warrior Salon). The original title was "America on the tip of the tongue"-a short play of ernesto guevara’s life. Now the title and subtitle are drawn up by the editor, with a slight deletion.

Time Writer | Cui Ting, London Bridge

Write movies with a misty heart.

Yesterday, we reviewed last year’s box office in the Mainland, with a revenue of 20.417 billion yuan, which was not easy to achieve.

After surviving the cold winter of the epidemic, 2021 is expected to usher in another round of movie-watching boom.

The new Hollywood movies have been counted, and Time Jun is ready for you today.

Among them, there are many familiar faces, such as Detective Chinatown 3’s Bears: Wild Continent, 749 innings and Li Na, which have been delayed for one year, and the trilogy of gods and deep sea, which has a long production cycle, and so on.

There are quite a few blockbusters and blockbusters, and there are also some literary films, but most of them have not been scheduled. How many of these films can meet the audience as scheduled in 2021?

We’ll just wait and see.

Not much to say, first on the list-

Feng Yiping, Liu Junmeng, Hao Xinyue

Huang Cailun, Zhang Huiwen

January 16th

The starring role is Huang Cailun, Aunt Li Cha, and this film has become the most skipped film in Mahua FunAge, although it is likely to continue dancing this time.

Hurry up, just want to know if it is worth the wait …

Chen Sicheng

Wang Baoqiang, Haoran Liu.

February 12

From 2020 to 2021, the popularity of Tang Tan 3 only increased. Excellent drama quality, coupled with comedy elements created for the Spring Festival file, the industry is very optimistic that it will become a big box office explosion this year.

The most anticipated thing for the audience is to finally reveal who Q is.

Jia Ling

Jia Ling, Shen Teng.

February 12

Jia Ling directed and acted, put the once Spring Festival Evening sketch on the big screen, and cooperated with old CP Shen Teng again. Needless to say, it was a laugh.

The story is about Jia Ling, the heroine, who travels back to the past and becomes best friends with her mother Li Huanying, to solve her regrets. It’s a bit like goodbye mr. loser.

Rao Xiaozhi

Andy Lau, Shawn.

February 12

"Nobody" director’s new work, remake from the Japanese film "The Method of Stealing Keys". "Top Killer" Andy Lau and "Down and Out" Shawn exchanged identities and re-examined their lives.

Li Yu

Mary, Song Jia.

May 1st.

It was originally scheduled to be released at the end of last year, and it was temporarily changed. An original from Japanese novelist Kotaro Isaka, which Li Yu used to make a female film.

Mary wanted to help Song Jia find his "daughter", but it turned out to be a tiger, and the tiger in the film was also played by a real tiger. Mary will cut her hair again for the show, and will form "thelma and louise" CP with Song Jia.

Fenfen Cheng

Hu Xianxi, Ancy

2021 to be determined

The last movie had a good box office and word-of-mouth performance. Director Zheng Fenfen made another shot with a brand-new brother and sister lineup and story. This time, it was about reorganizing the family, and suddenly an annoying "second brother" came from heaven.

The success of the previous work depends largely on the sibling spark between Peng Yuchang and Zifeng Zhang. I wonder what will happen if Hu Xianxu meets Ancy? Look forward to it for the time being.

Songyang

Allen, Shen Teng.

2021 to be determined

Mahua FunAge’s first fantasy comedy blockbuster, specially went to Russia to shoot.

The story revolves around a family that suddenly has superpowers. When the family gets together, the superpowers work, otherwise, if one person is missing, they will all fail.

Allen plays the leading role, while Shen Teng plays the villain. The old group has a new story, and it’s time for Mahua FunAge in 2021 to play something different.

Huang Jianxin, Dasheng Zheng.

Huang Xuan, NiNi.

July 1st.

A film dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Party.

1921 was a special year, when a group of young people gathered in Shanghai secretly to avoid all kinds of monitoring and tracking, and it was difficult to establish the Communist Party of China (CPC). The main content of the film was centered on this process.

Xu zhanxiong

zhang songwen

July 1st.

This year, Teacher Zhang Songwen has two films starring in it, and this is one of them. Congratulations to the good actors for making it.

The film revolves around the magnificent history from 1912 to 1927, telling the story of Li Dazhao, one of the main founders of the Communist Party of China (CPC), and actively exploring the bloody course of changing China and saving the nation.

Yes, Zhang Songwen will play Li Dazhao, although the poster looks nothing like him.

Chen Kaige, Tsui Hark, Lin Chaoxian

Jason Wu, Jackson Yee, Zhang Hanyu

2021 to be determined

Against this unprecedented lineup, it is the most anticipated war film of the year.

Once again, the battle of Changjin Lake under popular science, which was Chinese people’s Volunteer Army’s record of wiping out a whole regiment of the US military in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, forced the 10th Army, the ace of the US military, to experience "the longest retreat" in the ice and snow.

Zhang Yimou

Yu Hewei, Zhang Yi, Liu Haocun

2021 to be determined

Zhang Yimou’s spy war drama, once again cooperated with Zhang Yi and Liu Haocun, and the "new girl" played a female agent in it.

The story is set in the 1930s. In the puppet Manchukuo, four communist party agents carried out covert operations, but from the moment they parachuted to the ground, they had already entered the enemy’s trap.

Wai Keung Lau

Zhang Hanyu, Yolanda.

2021 to be determined

The Captain’s team, based on the real events of COVID-19’s epidemic prevention and control struggle.

This hot spot is timely.

Peter Chan

Hugh

2021 to be determined

It has always been said that Chen Kexin filmed Leap for the release of Li Na.

Now, the film has been finished for two years, and I still don’t know who Li Na is playing. From the protagonist Li Na to her life story, it is bound to touch some scales.

Whether it can be released or not, 2021 is still hanging.

Luyang

Lei Jiayin, Yang Mi, Dong Zijian

February 12

The content in the novel has influenced the real world. The big boss hired someone to assassinate the novelist, but when the "killer" protagonist performed his task, he found himself caught in the different world of the novel.

Lu Yang’s new work "Embroidered Spring Knife" series is a transformation from martial arts, challenging fantasy themes and creating two parallel time and space of reality and novel.

In Lei Jiayin’s film, I want to kill for my daughter. In the preview, Yang Mi is amazing, but I don’t know how to perform specifically.

Li Weiran

Chen Kun, Zhou Xun, William Chan

February 12

The mobile game Master of Yin and Yang, which was adapted from the fire a few years ago, has the same story prototype as Jing M.Guo’s Qing Ya Ji, and all of them come from Baku Yumemakura’s novel of the same name.

It tells that Enigmatic, a powerful teacher of Yin and Yang, made a contract with Shi Shen, and as a result, he was in deep crisis. However, the combination of Chen Kun and Zhou Xun is more easily associated with The Painted Skin.

Lu chuan

Karry, Vivi, Ryan

2021 to be determined

Lu Chuan, who hasn’t seen you for a long time, and Karry, who finally wants to take the lead on the big screen.

The story revolves around the 749 bureau that specializes in supernatural phenomena, and it is also a real organization in reality. It is essentially a bloody adventure story about the growth of teenagers.

Simon west, Yifan Li.

Zhang Hanyu, Jiang Wu, Celina Jade

2021 to be determined

The story of the middle-aged version of Ghost Blowing Lights.

Director simon west, as the representative of "Black Hawk Down", has always been a hard-core straight man. Now he meets tough guy Zhang Hanyu, and this time Hu Bayi will definitely be different.

Wu Ershan

Bo Huang, Li Xuejian.

2021 to be determined

Invest 3 billion in an unprecedented fantasy giant system, wait for a long time, seal the story of the universe, and continue to write legends on the big screen.

In his previous works "Painted Skin" and "Searching for Dragons", director Wu Ershan showed his ability to control fantasy films.

This time, the ambitious work is still worth looking forward to. It has been made, and it is a China version of The Lord of the Rings. If it can’t be made, China fantasy still has a "bad film curse".

Jing Wong

Raymond lam, Janice Man, Yinong Qiu

2021 to be determined

In 1993, the Jing Wong edition of "The Demon Master of the Dragon Slayer" contributed to Chingmy Yau’s beautiful Xiao Zhao style, and also left a sequel tail that people expected for many years.

After waiting for 28 years, there is nothing to look forward to when the starring lineup changes.

Chen Sicheng

Bo Huang, Rong Zishan

2021 to be determined

Chen Sicheng directed the new film, and also played a sci-fi element.

A father wanted his son to be a musician, but his son wanted to be an astronomer. As a result, an alien came to the earth and entered the life of father and son, causing a series of ironic events.

After My People My Homeland, Director Chen once again paid tribute to Ning Hao’s Crazy Alien?

Yuen Fai Ng

Louis Koo, Liu Qingyun, Nick Cheung

2021 to be determined

The story of the film took place in 2055, when alien creatures attacked the earth, and the soldiers of the earth had reloaded mecha, and a big war began.

Louis Koo invested in filming, a rare sci-fi war film in Hong Kong, which has been filmed and produced for a long time. I hope to meet the audience this year.

Jia Zhangke

Jia Pingwa and Su Tong

2021 to be determined

Jia Zhangke’s literary documentary, the main narrators of the film are Yu Hua, Jia Pingwa and Liang Hong, but it also includes dozens of well-known domestic writers.

The theme of discussion is literature and reality. In fact, it is more like recalling and reflecting on the 70 years that the whole country has gone through from the perspective of literature.

Wei Junzi

Yuan Heping, Sammo Hung.

2021 to be determined

A documentary film that shows the changes of the Dragon and Tiger Martial Arts in Hong Kong movies in the past 60 years. The director is a film critic who loves Hong Kong movies.

Blair Simmons, Zhou Qin

Guo Sheng, Fang Yu

January 8 th

The Octonauts, who has been making cartoons for several seasons, released his first big movie. The animated series scored highly, and the story centered on underwater exploration.

The submarine column refers to a group of underwater adventure teams composed of animals, including penguins and sea sloths, as well as dachshunds and rabbits.

In the theatrical version, this group of small animals encountered a volcanic eruption crisis at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. In order to protect rare marine life, submarine rescue was launched, which is very suitable for parents to take their children to see.

Ding Liang

Zhang Wei, Zhang Bingjun

February 12

There is no Pleasant Goat in the Spring Festival stalls, and Xiong Er is also needed, which is very suitable for parents to take their children to see x2.

Evonne

Yang Tianxiang, Z Ryan.

February 12

The story of Nezha’s rebirth to modernity is based on the cast of the light-chasing animation "White Snake: Origin".

Punk Nezha riding a motorcycle, which is interesting.

Tian Xiaopeng

unknown

2021 to be determined

Tian Xiaopeng, the director of The Return of the Great Sage on the Journey to the West, is the latest masterpiece, a wonderful story of a girl’s adventure in the underwater world.

Looking at the preview, the painting style is really beautiful.

roc

Wang Jixiang, Dapeng

January 19th

When the comedy director returned to his hometown in Northeast China to shoot a art cinema, he didn’t expect to encounter a series of accidents.

Adapted from Dapeng’s award-winning short film "Auspicious", The Reunions will be a masterpiece of director Dapeng.

Yin ruoxin

Zifeng Zhang, Shawn.

April 2

Zifeng Zhang acting show. The film revolves around the story of a sister who lost her parents and has contradictions in her personal life and raising her younger brother.

Leste Chen

Zifeng Zhang, Leo.

August 14th

Chen Zhengdao, a suspense expert, finally returned to the youth film. Many people almost forgot that he was also the director of the film "A Light Year in Summer".

Zifeng Zhang and Leo star in the film, and I respect cp first. Hao Lei plays Zifeng Zhang’s mother in the film, and their opposite plays are also worth seeing.

Kai Li

Elaine Zhong, Luo Jin, Seven

2021 to be determined

Also based on Anne Baby’s novel of the same name, it is also a love triangle story between two girlfriends. Will it become another "July and An Sheng"?

Ann Hui

Sandra, Eddie Peng Yuyan.

2021 to be determined

I don’t know if there will be more or less controversy after the release of the topic of casting controversy last year.

But with director Xu Anhua here, it won’t be a bad film.

Cheng er

Jia Zhangke

2021 to be determined

Xú Zhēng wanted to play a role, and he ended up with Jia Zhangke.

The first performance of the section chief, the story revolves around a middle-aged literary and art worker’s journey of self-discovery, which is also in line with his image. Directed by Cheng Er of The Romance of Death, it is reliable.

Leo

Tony Leung Chiu Wai, Duan Long.

2021 to be determined

Tony Leung Chiu Wai played the villain again, playing against Duan Long and joining "bond girl" Olga Kurylenko.

A film with a strange look and feel was originally scheduled to be released this week, but now it has been urgently withdrawn, and I am more curious about the quality of the film.

Yulai Lu

Jiang Wu, Zhang Songwen.

January 15th

The first film to eliminate evils and evils is worthy of applause if its scale can reach "in the name of people".

It is also another starring work of Zhang Songwen this year.

Derek Kwok

Lei Jiayin, Li Xian.

April 30th

Prince Ma Boyong’s novels have been very successful after being made into films and television, and Antique close encounter of mahjong is his biggest IP.

It’s about a Buddha’s head that was returned to China from the Japanese, which triggered an undercurrent of forces from all sides, and the truth behind it also attracted the protagonist with the talent of treasure-making.

The director is Guo Zijian, the director of The Story of Wukong, and Lei Jiayin plays the hero of Ma Boyong’s novel again after The Twelve Days of Chang ‘an.

Leste Chen

Aaron Kwok, Duan Long, Zifeng Zhang

May 1st.

Chen Zhengdao, director of Taiwan Province, has been addicted to suspense genre films since he came to mainland China, and his works have a good reputation. This film follows his screenwriter in the online drama Skyscraper.

The starring lineup of this film is also all acting schools. It is said that there will be a very large-scale attempt in the content. Can you look forward to the China version of Parasite?

Qunshu Gao

Huang Zhizhong, Jiang Wu, Guo Tao

2021 to be determined

Three old policemen who have been handling cases for more than 20 years, when they are about to retire, have encountered a major money laundering case.

Gao Qunshu, the director of Wind, is another anti-corruption film starring Jiang Wu, so it is easy to play with the above movie "Fighting Against the Black".

Zhang Yimou

Lei Jiayin, Zhou Dongyu.

2021 to be determined

Zhang Yimou hoarded another film, directing anti-corruption movies for the first time.

Lei Jiayin plays an ordinary policeman who is caught in a criminal case of wealthy businessman Yu Hewei absolute monarch, and a wonderful and difficult black-and-white showdown will be held between them.

Zhang Yimou’s cooperation with Zhou Dongyu again after many years is also a major attraction.

Benny Chan

Donnie Yen, Nicholas Tse.

2021 to be determined

The posthumous work of Hong Kong director Chen Musheng, in which Donnie Yen and Nicholas Tse turned against each other, turned into a confrontation between a policeman and a bandit.

It is expected to be a standard gangster action Hong Kong film.

Wen shipei

Eddie Peng Yuyan, Zhang Aijia, Yanhui Wang

2021 to be determined

Ning Hao’s new directorial work, Eddie Peng Yuyan’s partner Zhang Aijia.

The story tells that in the 1990s, a city lost power in the hot summer, and three people were inadvertently involved in a murder case, and their lives were completely changed.

Chen Zhuo

Wang Qianyuan, Wang Jingchun.

2021 to be determined

The mainland is once again adapted from Keigo Higashino’s novel of the same name. Wang Qianyuan plays a single father who resolutely takes revenge after his daughter is killed.

Wang Qianyuan finally stopped playing the police.

Zhang Ji

Zhou Dongyu, Haoran Liu.

2021 to be determined

The adaptation of Shuang Xuetao’s novel of the same name.

The story tells of a young criminal policeman who, while investigating a murder case, found his childhood friends involved … and wanted to see a new match between Zhou Dongyu and Haoran Liu.

Cao Baoping

Bo Huang, Zhou Xun.

Summer 2021

Recently, Cao Baoping’s new work, announced by the official, is quite interesting from the main lineup to the story.

A case in which a young girl was killed happened, and the two families were fragmented and fell into pain, which was a bit close to the previous "Jiangge case".

Bo Huang plays the victim’s father, Zhou Xun plays the suspect’s mother, and the best actress and actress cooperate for the first time, while Zhou Xun and Cao Baoping also cooperate again after Li Mi’s conjecture for many years.

As usual, leave a message to tell time jun.

# Time Watching Group # "Soul Hunting" Beijing premiere movie viewing recruitment